Marsilius of Padua: The Defender of Peace, المجلد 1

acts Alvarus Pelagius arguments Aristotelians Aristotle Aristotle's Augustinus Triumphus autem Averroism Averroist Christ church citizens common benefit conception Dante Defensor pacis Dialogus Pars Discourse dist distinction divine law doctrine eccl ecclesia efficient cause Egidius of Rome election enim faith fidelium final causes function hence human law ibid insists interpretation James of Viterbo John of Jandun John of Paris justice Lagarde latter legislator Lucca De reg Marsile Marsilian Marsilius Marsilius of Padua means medieval moral natural law Padua papal papalists Paris De pot peace Peter of Auvergne political authority pope position potest priesthood priests princ Ptolemy of Lucca quae quam quod rational reason relation Resp Rome De reg ruler secular secundum sense spiritual sunt temporal theol theological Thomas Aquinas tion unity universitas viii virtue Viterbo De reg whole body William of Ockham xvii xviii