a

If you use a wettable powder, powder from settling to the botstir it vigorously in small

tom of the spray chamber. amount of water to make a smooth

If you use an emulsifiable conpaste, or slurry. Add this to the full amount of water and stir until centrate, shake the container thorcompletely mixed. When applying oughly before measuring out the wettable-powder sprays, shake the

amount needed for the spray mixapplicator frequently to keep the ture.

re

USE OF PESTICIDES This publication is intended for ble to their localities. nationwide distribution.

distribution. Pesti- The pesticides mentioned in cides are registered by the En- this publication are available in vironmental Protection Agency several

several different formulations (EPA) for countrywide use un- that contain varying amounts of less otherwise indicated on the active ingredient. Because of this label.

difference, the rates given in this The use of pesticides is gov- publication refer to the amount of erned by the provisions of the active ingredient, unless otherFederal ,

Insecticide, Fungicide, wise indicated. Users are and Rodenticide Act, as amended. minded to convert the rate in the This Act is administered by EPA. publication to the strength of the According to the provisions of the pesticide actually being used. For Act, "It shall be unlawful for any example, 1 pound of active ingreperson to use any registered pesti- dient equals 2 pounds of a 50 percide in a manner inconsistent with cent formulation. its labeling." (Section 12(a) (2)

The user is cautioned to read (g)).

and follow all directions and preEPA has interpreted this Sec

cautions given on the label of the tion of the Act to require that the

pesticide formulation being used. intended use of the pesticide must

Federal and State regulations be on the label of the pesticide

require registration numbers on being used or covered by a Pesticide Enforcement Policy State

all pesticide containers. Use only ment (PEPS) issued by EPA.

pesticides that carry one of these The optimum use of pesticides, registration numbers. both as to rate and frequency,

USDA publications that contain may vary in different sections of suggestions for the use of pestithe country. Users of this publica- cides are normally revised at tion may also wish to consult their 2-year intervals. If your copy is Cooperative Extension Service, more than 2 years old, contact State Agricultural Experiment your Cooperative Extension ServStations, or County Extension ice to determine the latest pestiAgents for information applica- cide recommendations.

The pesticides mentioned in The user is cautioned to deterthis publication were federally mine the directions on the label registered for the use indicated or labeling prior to the use of the as of the issue of this publication. pesticide.

Special Precautions Chlordane, diazinon, dimetho- tures containing oil. Do not use on ate,endosulfan, lindane, and oxy- plants growing in greenhouses. demetonmethyl can be absorbed Do not use dimethoate on Ameridirectly through the skin in harm- can elm because injury will result. ful quantities. When working with Endosulfan.—Do not apply enthese pesticides in any form take dosulfan to white birch or Ameriextra care not to let them come in can red bud because it may injure contact with the skin. Wear pro- foliage. Do not apply endosulfan tective clothing and use respira- to Anderson yew because it may tory devices as directed on the cause needle drop. label. The other pesticides men- Malathion.—Do not apply malationed can be used without special thion to ferns, hickory, viburnum, protective clothing or devices if lantana, Crassula and Canaerti they are in dilute form.

juniper, Boston pteris, maiden Carbaryl.—Do not use carbaryl hair ferns, petunias, small leaf on Boston ivy as injury may re- spiraea, white pine, and maples sult.

because injury may result. Under Diazinon.-Do not use diazinon extreme heat, drought, and dison certain chrysanthemum ferns, ease conditions the emulsifiiable poinsettia, hibiscus, papaya, pilea, concentrates of malathion may and gardenia because plant injury cause slight damage to elms. may occur.

Trichlorfon.-Do not apply triDimethoate. Do not use di- chlorfon to certain varieties of methoate

any ornamental carnations, hydrangeas, and zinplants unless this bulletin recom- nias because it may injure foliage. mends its use. Do not use on any Zectran. Do not use zectran ornamental stock plants grown as on maiden hair fern, cape chesta source of propagation materials nut, and geraldton wax flower. such as cuttings, layers, root Excessive dosage may cause slight stocks, or scions for grafting or injury to new foliage growth on budding. Do not use in spray mix- roses, phlox, and petunias.

on

GENERAL PLANT PESTS

Some insect pests attack a wide

Aphids variety of trees and shrubs. This section outlines their life history Description.-Several species. and suggests methods to control Tiny; light green, dark green, or them.

black; soft bodied; winged or

4

BN-27001

Damage.-Feed on leaves and may defoliate plants.

Distribution.—Generally found East of the Rocky Mountains; also found in California, Colorado, and New Mexico.

What to do.-Apply methoxychlor, carbaryl, or Bacillus thurin

giensis (a bacterium that proAphids

duces a poison that kills certain insect pests, particularly caterpil

lars) when caterpillars are first wingless. Cluster on stems and

noticed in the spring. A band of under leaves.

sticky material such as tanglefoot Damage.—Cause leaves to curl placed around the trunk of the and thicken, turn yellow, and die.

tree 2 to 4 feet above the ground Leaves often sticky from honey will help to reduce infestation. dew produced by aphids. (See This must be done during the first p. 9 for color illustration.)

warm weather in February or Distribution.-Continental

March and again in late fall to United States.

trap and kill females before they What to do.-Apply malathion

can climb the tree to lay their or oxydemetonmethyl as soon as

eggs. aphids appear. To reduce the number of aphids through nonchemical methods of control wash the aphids off the plants with a soap Casebearers and Bagworms and water solution applied under fairly high pressure. Check to see Description.-Several species. if natural enemies—such as larvae Adults: Small, gray moths. Caseof lady beetles—are present. If bearers have fringed wings. Bagthis is the case, aphids can be con- worms have clear wings. Larvae: trolled without additional meas- Brown to dark brown. Bagworms ures.

can grow as long as 11/2 inches

Cankerworms

Mention of a proprietary prodDescription.-Two species :

uct in this publication is not a Spring Cankerworm and Fali guarantee or warranty of the Cankerworm. Adults: Brown

product by the U.S. Department moths with stripes on wings.

of Agriculture and does not imply Larvae: Brown to green worms

its approval by the Department to

the exclusion of other products that are looping or measuring

that may also be suitable. worms.