§ 110. THE VISIT TO ZACCHEUS. PARABLE OF THE TEN POUNDS.-Jericho.

Luke xix. 2-28.

* And, behold, there was a man named Zaccheus, which was the chief among the publicans, and he was rich. 3 And he sought to see Jesus, who he was; and could not for the press, because he was little of stature. 4 And he ran before, and climbed up into a sycomore tree to see him: for he was to pass that way. 5 And when Jesus came to the place, he looked up, and saw him, and said unto him, Zaccheus, make haste, and come down; for to-day I must abide at thy house. And he made haste, and came down, and received him joyfully. And when they saw it, they all murmured, saying, That he was gone to be guest with a man that is a sinner. 8 And Zaccheus stood, and said unto the Lord; Behold, Lord, the half of my goods I give to the poor; and if I have taken any thing from any man by false accusation, I restore him fourfold.t 9 And Jesus said unto him, This day is salvation come to this house, forsomuch as he also is a son of Abraham. 10 For the Son of man is come to seek and to save that which was lost.

"And as they heard these things, he added and spake a parable, because he was nigh to Jerusalem, and because they thought that the kingdom of God should immediately appear." 12 He said therefore, A certain nobleman went into a far country to receive for himself a kingdom, and to return. 13 And he called his ten servants, and delivered them ten pounds," and said unto them, Occupy till I come. 14 But his citizens hated him, and sent a message after him, saying, We will not have this man to reign over us. 15 And it came to pass, that when he was returned, having received the kingdom, then he commanded these servants to be called unto him, to whom he had given the money, that he might know how much every man had gained by trading. 16 Then came the first, saying, Lord, thy pound hath gained ten pounds. 17 And he said unto him, Well, thou good servant: because thou hast been faithful in a very little, have thou authority over ten cities. 18 And the second came, saying, Lord, thy pound hath gained five pounds. 19 And he said likewise to him, Be thou also over five cities. 20 And another came, saying, Lord, behold, here is thy pound, which I have kept laid up in a napkin 21 for I feared thee, because thou art an austere man: thou takest up that thou layedst not down, and reapest that thou didst not sow. 22 And he saith unto him, Out of thine own mouth will I judge thee, thou wicked servant. Thou knewest that I was an austere man, taking up that I laid not down, and reaping that I did not sow: 23 wherefore then gavest not thou my money into the bank, that at my coming I might have required mine own with usury? 24 And he said unto them that stood by, Take from him the pound, and give it to him that hath ten pounds. 25 (And they said unto him, Lord, he hath ten pounds.)

Luke xix.

26 For I say unto you, That unto every one which hath shall be given; and from him that hath not, even that he hath shall be taken away from him. 27 But those mine enemies, which would not that I should reign over them, bring hither, and slay them before me.

28 And when he had thus spoken, he went before, ascending up to Jerusalem.

§ 111. JESUS ARRIVES AT Bethany six dAYS BEFORE THE PASSOVER.

Bethany.

John xi. 55-57; xii. 1, 9—11. 55 And the Jews' passover was nigh at hand : and many went out of the country up to Jerusalem before the passover, to purify themselves. 56 Then sought they for Jesus, and spake among themselves, as they stood in the temple, What think ye, that he will not come to the feast? 57 Now both the chief priests and the Pharisees had given a commandment, that, if any man knew where he were, he should show it, that they might take him.

John xii. 1 Then Jesus six days before the passover" came to Bethany, where Lazarus was which had been dead, whom he raised from the dead."—" Much people of the Jews therefore knew that he was there: and they came not for Jesus' sake only, but that they might see Lazarus also, whom he had raised from the dead. 10 But the chief priests consulted that they might put Lazarus also to death; "because that by reason of him many of the Jews went away, and believed on Jesus.

PART VII.

OUR LORD'S PUBLIC ENTRY INTO JERUSALEM, AND THE SUBSEQUENT TRANSACTIONS BEFORE THE FOURTH PASSOVER.

TIME: Five Days.

INTRODUCTORY NOTE.

THE Jewish day of twenty-four hours was reckoned from sunset to sunset; as is still the case in oriental countries. The paschal lamb was killed on the fourteenth day of Nisan towards sunset; and was eaten the same evening, after the fifteenth day of Nisan had begun. Our Lord was crucified on the day before the Jewish sabbath, that is, on Friday; and as he had eaten the passover on the preceding evening, it follows that the fourteenth of Nisan fell that year on Thursday,

"Six days before the passover" is equivalent | to the "sixth day" before that festival; see Note on § 49. As our Lord ate the paschal supper on the evening following Thursday (which evening was reckoned by the Jews to Friday), the sixth day before it was Saturday, or the Jewish sabbath, provided we reckon exclusively, as Greswell shows we ought in Dissert. i. p. 8, vol. iii.

On that day, then, Jesus came to Bethany.

John 12. 2-8, where the supper at Bethany is described, is postponed in accordance with the order of Matthew and Mark. See Note on § 131 in the Appendix.

* John 11. 1, 43.

For ver. 2-8 see § 131.

* Ex. 12. 6, 8, and Introd. Note to Part VIII.

reckoned from the preceding sunset. Hence, the sixth day (reckoning exclusively) before the passover, when Jesus came to Bethany, was the Jewish sabbath, or our Saturday; a and the transactions of the following week, comprised in Parts VII. and VIII., may be distributed according to the following schedule; which agrees in the main with the Schema of Lightfoot and with the arrangement of Wieseler.c

9. 7. SAT.

10. 1. SUND.

SCHEDULE OF DAYS.

reckoned from preceding sunset. The Jewish sabbath. Jesus arrives at Bethany, John 12. 1.

from preced. sunset. Jesus makes his public entry into Jerusalem, § 112; and returns at night to Bethany, Mark 11. 11.-On this day the paschal lamb was to be selected, Ex. 12. 3.

11. 2. MOND. from preced. sunset. Jesus goes to Jerusalem; on his way the incident of the barren fig-tree. He cleanses the temple, § 113; and again returns to Bethany, Mark 11. 19.

12. 3. TUESD. from preced. sunset. Jesus returns to the city; on the way the disciples see the fig-tree withered, Mark 11. 20. Our Lord discourses in the temple, §§ 115–126; takes leave of it; and, when on the mount of Olives, on his way to Bethany, foretells his coming to destroy the city, and proceeds to speak also of his final coming to judgment, § 127-130.

13. 4. WEDN. from preced. sunset. The rulers conspire against Christ. On the eve of this day (i.e. the evening following Tuesday), our Lord had partaken of the supper at Bethany; where Mary anointed him, and where Judas laid his plan of treachery, which he made known to the chief priests in the course of this day.-Jesus remained this day at Bethany.

14. 5. THURSD. from preced. sunset. Jesus sends two disciples to the city to make ready the passover. He himself repairs thither in the afternoon, in order to eat the paschal supper at evening.

15. 6. FRID.

16. 7. SAT. 17. 1. SUND.

from preced. sunset. At evening, in the very beginning of the fifteenth of Nisan, Jesus partakes of the paschal supper; institutes the Lord's supper; is betrayed and apprehended; §§ 133-143. He is brought first before Caiaphas, and then in the morning before Pilate; is condemned, crucified, and before sunset laid in the sepulchre; §§ 144-158.

The Jewish sabbath. Our Lord rests in the sepulchre.

Jesus rises from the dead at early dawn; see § 159 and Note.

§ 112. OUR LORD'S PUBLIC ENTRY INTO JERUSALEM.-Bethany, Jerusalem.

John xii. 12-19.

First Day of the Week.

d
12 On the next day much people that were come to the

feast, when they heard that Jesus was coming to Jerusalem,-
Matt. xxi.1-11, 14—17.
1 And when they drew
nigh unto Jerusalem, and
were come to Bethphage,
unto the mount of Olives,

a See Note on § 111.
See Hor. Heb. in Joh. 12. 2.
Chron. Synop. p. 390-415.

Mark xi. 1-11. 1And when they came nigh to Jerusalem, unto Bethphage and Bethany, at the mount of Olives, he

On the next day, that is, after the arrival at Bethany, not after the supper in Simon's house (see § 131). This was the 10th of Nisan, on

Luke xix. 29-44. 29 And it came to pass, when he was come nigh to Bethphage and Bethany, at the mount called

which day the paschal lamb was set apart (Ex. 12. 3). Might not our Lord's choice of this day for making his public entry into Jerusalem and the temple have reference to the fact, that he himself was the true Passover which was then to be slain for us (1 Cor. 5. 7)?

John xii. 14 And Jesus, when he had found a young ass, sat thereon; as it is written, 15 Fear not, daughter of Sion: behold, thy King cometh, sitting on an ass's colt.—

Luke xix. 36 And as he went, they spread their clothes in the way. 37 And when he was

¿For connection see beginning of section.

for a king: 2 Kings 9. 13.

m

Luke xix. come nigh, even now at the descent of the mount of Olives, the whole multitude of the disciples began to rejoice and praise God with a loud voice for all the mighty works that they had seen; 38 saying, Blessed be the King that cometh in the name

of the Lord: peace in heaven, and glory in the highest.'

John xii. went forth to meet him,

and cried, Hosanna: Blessed is the King of Israel that cometh in the name of the Lord.*

John xii. 16 These things understood not his disciples at the first: but when Jesus was glorified, then remembered " they that these things were written of him, and that they had done these things unto him. 17 The people therefore that was with him when he called Lazarus out of his grave, and raised him from the dead, bare record." 18 For this cause the people also met him, for that they heard that he had done this miracle. 19 The Pharisees therefore said among themselves, Perceive ye how ye prevail nothing? behold, the world is gone after him.

Luke xix. 39 And some of the Pharisees from among the multitude said unto him, Master, rebuke thy disciples. 40 And he answered and said unto them, I tell you that, if these should hold their peace, the stones would immediately cry out. 41 And when he was come near, he beheld the city, and wept over it, 42 saying, If thou hadst known, even thou, at least in this thy day, the things which belong unto thy peace! but now they are hid from thine eyes. 43 For the days shall come upon thee, that thine enemies shall cast a trench about thee, and compass thee round, and keep thee in on every side, 44 and shall lay thee even with the ground, and thy children within thee; and they shall not leave in thee one stone upon another; because thou knewest not the time of thy visitation.. Matt. xxi. 10 And when he was come into Jerusalem, all the city was moved, saying, Who is this?" And the multitude said, This is Jesus the prophet

* Psa. 118. 25.

Luke 2. 14.

of

Mark xi. 11 And Jesus entered into Jerusalem, and into the temple; and when he had looked round about upon all things,—