Ecological Modeling in Risk Assessment: Chemical Effects on Populations, Ecosystems, and LandscapesRobert A. Pastorok, Steven M. Bartell, Scott Ferson, Lev R. Ginzburg CRC Press, 19/04/2016 - 328 من الصفحات Toxic chemicals can exert effects on all levels of the biological hierarchy, from cells to organs to organisms to populations to entire ecosystems. However, most risk assessment models express their results in terms of effects on individual organisms, without corresponding information on how populations, groups of species, or whole ecosystems may r |
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الصفحة 2
Nevertheless, estimation of effects beyond individual-level endpoints is rare in current chemical risk assessments (Landis ... treatment of uncertainty, ease of estimating parameters, degree of model development, regulatory acceptance, ...
Nevertheless, estimation of effects beyond individual-level endpoints is rare in current chemical risk assessments (Landis ... treatment of uncertainty, ease of estimating parameters, degree of model development, regulatory acceptance, ...
الصفحة 10
The screening-level assessment generally uses exposure estimates and available toxicity thresholds for the ... The final selection of ecological models then depends on the desired level of detail in the analysis and the ease with which ...
The screening-level assessment generally uses exposure estimates and available toxicity thresholds for the ... The final selection of ecological models then depends on the desired level of detail in the analysis and the ease with which ...
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عبارات ومصطلحات مألوفة
age class age-specific Akçakaya analysis Applied Biomathematics approach aquatic ecosystems AQUATOX ATLSS Bartell bioaccumulation biological biomass brook trout CASM chemical risk assessment contaminants Credibility Daphnia Degree of Development density dependence Development and Consistency distribution Ease of Estimating Ecol ecological models ecological risk assessment ecosystem models Ecotoxicology effects of toxic endpoints Environ environmental equations Estimating Parameters evaluation exposure extinction factors fecundity Ferson Flexibility food-web forest functions habitat hazard quotient HIGH impacts implemented incorporate individual-based models individuals input interactions Jørgensen Lake landscape models matrix MEDIUM metapopulation metapopulation models model parameters mortality nutrient parameterization population dynamics population growth population models population viability analysis population-level potential predation predator–prey model predict processes RAMAS Realism Regulatory Acceptance Relevance reproduction require Resource Efficiency sensitivity simulation spatially explicit stochastic stressor structure terrestrial toxaphene toxicity toxicity data Treatment of Uncertainty trophic levels U.S. EPA values variables vital rates zooplankton