* It sometimes becomes necessary to double the final consonant, when preceded by a short vowel, in /order to continue the accent; as I forget; thou forgettest. † This termination is used in solemn language. This termination is used in familiar language.

* This termination of the second person preterite, on account of its harshness, is seldom used, and especial

Improve, or improve thou; Improve, or improve ye.

The e is sometimes preserved in order to prevent ambiguity in signification. Thus, it is adviseable to write singeing from the verb to singe, by way of distinction from singing, the participle of the verb to sing.

83. 1 final is retained before i. But if it be followed by any other letter, it is changed into i; as to cry, criest, crying, cried.

84. Many verbs form both the preterite tense and the preterite participle irregularly; as I rise; pret. I rose; part. pret. I am risen.

85. The preterite participle generally ends in d, t, or n; as loved, taught, slain.

Other circumstances in the time and manner of verbs, are expressed by the help of certain verbs called Auxiliaries.

The principle auxiliary verbs are as follows. 86. To do.

Do expresses the meaning with greater energy; as

" indeed I do speak truth."

Doth is used in solemn, does in familiar language.

The auxiliary have relates to time now past. Its preterite had signifies time past with respect to a former period.

Hath is used in solemn, has in familiar language.

1

IMPERATIVE MODE.

Sing.

Plur.

Have, or have thou,

Have, or have ye.

This mode of Have, is seldom, or perhaps never with propriety, used.

The auxiliary to be, contains a simple affirmation; and when joined to the participle present, it asserts with greater exactness and force: as I am writing. When joined to the participle preterite, it implies the suffering or receiving of what is expressed, as Thou art beaten.