List of illustrations

I. Introduction ...

II. Ticks and tick-borne diseases.

Protozoal diseases

Bovine Piroplasmosis

Equine Piroplasmosis

Canine Piroplasmosis

The Theilerioses

Bovine Anaplasmosis

Rickettsial and Rickettsial-like diseases.

Rocky Mountain spotted fever of man.

Q Fever

Canine Ehrlichiosis.

Bovine and Ovine Ehrlichiosis..

Heartwater

Bacterial diseases.

Tularemia

Spirochetosis of livestock and poultry.

The relapsing fevers of man...

Brucellosis

Viral diseases

Nairobi sheep disease..

Louping Ill ....

Colorado tick fever

III. Tick paralysis and Toxicosis.

IV. Ticks as pests

V. Classification and description of ticks

VI. Biology and behavior ...

VII. Control and eradication ...

VIII. Regulations on importing and interstate movements of ticks.

IX. Identification

X. The key and how to use it.

Terms used in the key..

XI. Key to families of ticks..

Family Ixodidae

Morphological characteristics of the Family..

Key to developmental stages of Family Ixodidae.

Key to Genera of adults of Family Ixodidae.

General comments

Genus Amblyomma

Morphological characteristics of the Genus..

Key to males of the United States...

Key to females of the United States..

General comments

Genus Aponomma

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Morphological characteristics of the Genus..

The species of Aponomma...

General comments

Genus Boophilus

Morphological characteristics of the Genus...

Key to the males of North America..

Key to the females of North America.

General comments

Genus Dermacentor

Morphological characteristics of the Genus.

Key to the adults of the United States..

General comments

Genus Haemaphysalis

Morphological characteristics of the Genus.

Key to the adults of the United States..

General comments

Genus Hyalomma

Morphological characteristics of the Genus.

The species of Hyalomma...

General comments .

Genus Ixodes

Morphological characteristics of the Genus.

The species of Ixodes...

General comments

Genus Margaropus

Morphological characteristics of the Genus..

The species of Margaropus

General comments

Genus Rhipicentor

Morphological characteristics of the Genus...

The species of Rhipicentor..

General comments

Genus Rhipicephalus

Morphological characteristics of the Genus....

The species of Rhipicephalus.

General comments

Family Argasidae

Morphological characteristics of the Family....

Key to developmental stages of Family Argasidae.

Key to Genera of Family Argasidae.

General comments

Genus Argas ...

Morphological characteristics of the Genus...

The species of Argas.

General comments

Genus Ornithodoros

Morphological characteristics of the Genus.....

Key to the adults most commonly found on livestock

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Genus Otobius

Morphological characteristics of the Genus..

Key to the nymphs..

Key to the adults 8

General comments

XII. Collecting and preserving ticks

XIII. Hosts, distribution and diseases transmitted by selected ticks

Hard ticks (Ixodidae)

Soft ticks (Argasidae).....

XIV. Life history summaries of selected ticks of veterinary

importance

Amblyomma americanum (Linnaeus), the Lone Star tick..

Amblyomma cajennense (Fabricius), the Cayenne tick....

Amblyomma hebraeum Koch, the Bont tick..

Amblyomma maculatum Koch, the Gulf Coast tick.

Amblyomma variegatum (Fabricius), the Tropical

Bont tick

Argas persicus (Oken), the Fowl tick....

Boophilus annulatus (Say), the Cattle Fever tick.

Boophilus decoloratus (Koch), the Blue tick...

Boophilus microplus (Canestrini), the Tropical

Cattle tick .....

Dermacentor albipictus (Packard), the Winter Tick....

Dermacentor andersoni Stiles (Synonym, Dermacentor

venustus Banks), the Rocky Mountain wood tick..

Dermacentor nitens Neumann (Synonym, Anocentor

nitens (Neumann), the Tropical Horse tick......

Dermacentor occidentalis Marx, the Pacific Coast tick.

Dermacentor variabilis (Say), the American dog tick...

Haemaphysalis leachi leachi 11 (Audouin), the

Yellow dog tick......

Haemaphysalis leoprispalustris (Packard), the

Rabbit tick

Hyalomma marginatum Koch, the Mediterranean

Hyalomma

Ixodes ricinus (Linnaeus), the European Castor

Bean tick

Ixodes scapularis (Say), the Black-legged tick..

Ornithodoros coriaceus Koch, the Pajaroello tick.

Otobius megnini (Dugès), the Spinose ear tick..

Rhipicephalus appendiculatus Neumann, the

Brown ear tick .....

Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi Neumann, the

Red-legged tick

Rhipicephalus pulchellus Gerstacker, the Zebra tick...

Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille), the

Brown Dog tick .

XV. Checklist of the ticks of the United States..

XVI. References

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Hypothetical hard ticks
Hypothetical soft ticks
Dorsal view of the scuta and capitula of some female

hard ticks
Schematic life cycles and disease transmission of ticks :

Type I. Type II Type III Type IV

Type V Ornithodoros turicata:

male ... female

nymph Otobius megnini:

male .... female

nymph Amblyomma americanum:

male female ..

nymph Amblyomma cajennense:

male female ...

nymph .. Amblyomma imitator:

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male ...

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female
Amblyomma maculatum:

male ....
female

nymph
Boophilus annulatus:

male .....
unengorged female
partially engorged female

engorged nymph Boophilus microplus:

male
female ..

partially engorged female Dermacentor albipictus:

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Dermacentor andersoni:

male .....

female

nymph Dermacentor nigrolineatus:

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male .....

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female Dermacentor nitens:

male ....
female

nymph .. Dermacentor occidentalis :

male ....
female

nymph ... Dermacentor variabilis:

male
female

nymph ...
Haemaphysalis leporispalustris:

male
female

nymph .. Ixodes scapularis:

male ....

partially engorged female Rhipicephalus sanguineus:

male .....
unengorged female
nymph ...

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May 1976