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"Who calls so LOW'D."

Romeo and Juliet, pag. 74.

"The large Achilles (on his prest-bed lolling)

"From his deepe chest laughes out a LOWD applause."

Troylus and Cressida.

"Honor, loue, obedience, troopes of friends,

"I must not looke to haue; but, in their stead,
"Curses not LowD, but deepe." Macbeth, pag. 149.
Why, what would you?

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"Make me a willow cabane at your gate,

"Write loyall cantons of contemned loue,

"And sing them LOWD euen in the dead of night :
"Hollow your name to the reuerberate hilles,

“And make the babling gossip of the aire

"Cry out Oliuia."

"Do but start

Twelfe Night, pag. 259.

"An eccho with the clamor of thy drumms,
"And euen at hand a drumme is readie brac'd
"That shall reuerberate all as LowD as thine.
"Sound but another, and another shall

"(AS LOWD as thine) rattle the welkin's eare
“And mocke the depe-mouth'd thunder."

King John, pag. 20.

"That she may boast, she hath beheld the man
"Whose glory fills the world with LowD report.”

First Part of Henry VI. pag. 102.

SHRED....Each of them the past participle of SHERD S the verb scyɲan, to sheer, or to cut off: thus, shered, sh'red: shered, sher'd.

FIELD......... This word, by Alfred, Gower, Chaucer, &c. was always written felb, feld. It is merely the past participle felled, fell'd, of the verb to fell, (Fællan, be-fælan); and is so universally written feld by all our old authors, that I should be ashamed to produce you many instances.

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FIELD-land is opposed to wood-land; and means .....Land where the trees have been felled.

"In woodes, and in FELDES eke,

"Thus robbery goth to seke

"Where as he maie his purchas finde,

"And robbeth mens goodes aboute

"In woode and FELDE, where he goth oute."

Gower, lib. fol. 116, pag. 2, col. 2.

"In woode, in FELDE, or in citee,

"Shall no man stele in no wise."

Gower, lib. 5, fol. 122, pag. 1, col. 1.

"Maple, thorne, beche, ewe, hasel, whipulere,

"Howe they were FELDE shal not be tolde for me.”
Chaucer, Knyghtes Tale, fol. pag. 2, col. 2.

"My blysse and my myrthe arne FELDE, sickenesse and "sorrowe ben alwaye redy."

Testament of Loue, boke 1, fol. 306, pag. 2, col. 1.

In the collateral languages, the German, the Dutch, the Danish, and the Swedish, you will find the same correspondence between the equivalent verb and the supposed substantive.

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CUD....To chew the cUD, i. e. to chew the chew'd. This change of pronunciation, and consequently of writing, from CH to к and from к to сн, is very common and frequent in our language; and you will have more than one occasion hereafter to notice what obscurity, difficulties, and errors it has caused to our etymologists.

DASTARD....i. e. territus, the past participle of Sastrigan, adastrgan, terrere. Dastriged, dastriyed, dastried, dastred, dastr'd.

COWARD....i. e. cowred, cowered, cower'd. One who has cower'd before an enemy. It is of the same import as supplex.

Ille humilis supplexque, oculos dextramque precantem protendens,....vicisti, et victum tendere palmas Ausonii videre.

Supplex, i. e. sub-plicans, supplicans, supplic's, supplix. So suppliant and supple, i. e. sous-pliant.

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COWARD is the past participle of the verb to cowre or to cower; a word formerly in common

use.

"Her heed loueth all honour

"And to be worshypped in worde and dede,

"Kynges mote to hem knele and cowRE."

Chaucer, Plowmans Tale, firste parte, fol. 94, f. 1, c. 2.

"And she was put, that I of talke,

"Ferre fro these other, up in an halke;

"There lurked, and there cOURED she."

Romaunt of the Rose, fol. 122, pag. 1, col. 1.

"Winter with his rough winds and blasts causeth a lusty "man and woman to coURE and sit by the fire."

Hist. of Prince Arthur, 3d part, chap. 142.

"They spake all with one voice, Sir Lanncelot, for Christs "şake let us ride out with Sir Galihud, for we beene neuer "wont to cOURE in castels nor in townes."

Hist. of Prince Arthur, 3d part, chap. 160.

"They cow'r so o'er the coles, their eies be bler'd with "smooke." Gammer Gurton's Needle.

"The king is served with great state. His noblemen never "look him in the face, but sit coWRING upon their buttocks, "with their elbows upon their knees, and their hands before

"their faces; nor dare lift up their eyes, until his majesty com"mands them." Voyage to Benin, by Thomas Windham,(†)

1553, Hakluyt, vol. 2.

"The splitting rockes CowR'D in the sinking sands,
"And would not dash me with their ragged sides."
Second part Henry VI. pag. 134.

"Mistress, do you know the French knight that COWERS

i' the hams,"

Pericles, act 4, sce. 4.

"COWRING and quaking at a conqu’ror's sword,

"But lofty to a lawful prince restor❜d."

Dryden, Absalom and Achitophel.

M. Iault (Art. COUARD) repeats much childishness of the French etymologists concerning this word, which I will spare you.

"CODARDO, says Menage, Da coda, codarus, "codardus: quia post principia lateat, et in extrema “acie, quæ veluti cauda agminis est, dice il S "Ferrari."

"Dalla coda che fra le gambe portano i cani "paurosi; di cono gli altri."

Junius thinks it is "cow-HERD, Bubulcus." Some will have it "coW-HEART, or hearted."

Skinner leaves us to chuse amongst

or cow

1. CAUDA...." Chi ha tuto il suo ardire nella "coda: et nos dicimus....He has his heart in his "heels:....vel q. d. amplâ caudâ præditus; quod "physiognomis timiditatis signum est: vel q. d. "qui caudam crebro ostendit."

(t) This Thomas Windham was a Norfolk gentleman: and a curious account is given in this voyage, of his usurping and' cruel conduct, and of his mean, violent, selfish, and tyrannical character. [An ancestor of the Mr. Windham alluded to in the first part....an apostate whig, and one of Mr. Tooke's violent persecutors.]

2. "Cowherd.”

3. "Sin malis a vernacula origine, petere, a "nostra cow et Germ. aerd, ard. natura....q. d. "Indole seu ingenio vaccino præditus: nihil enim "vaccâ timidius."

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4. "Ab Hisp. cueva, antrum, specus: quia sc. 'pusillanimus latibula quærit. Cueva autem, satis manifeste, a Lat. cava, pro caverna, defluxit.”

Mr. Tyrwhitt says...." I think the opinion of "Twysden and Somner much the most probable, "who derive it from the Barb. Lat. culum vertere; "to turn tail, or run away. See Du Cange, in v.

culverta, and culvertagium. CULVERT (as it is "written in the oldest and best French мss. that I "have seen) might easily be corrupted, according "to the French mode of pronunciation, into cou66 ART and COUARD."

BLIND....blined, blin'd, is the past participle of the old English verb to blin (A. s. blinnan) to stop. "So may they eke her prayer BLYNNE

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"Whyle that they werke her mete to wynne."

Rom. of the Rose, fol. 151, pag. 2, col. 2.

........" Easy syghes, suche as ben to lyke

"That shewed his affection withinne,

"Of suche syghes coulde he not BLYNNE."

Troylus, boke 3, fol. 179, pag. 2, col. 2.

"Ye that list of your palyardry neuer BLYN."

Douglas, prol. to booke 4, pag. 96.

"He sent them worde he should not BLYN tyll he had des

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troyed them.

"My teares shall neuer BLIN

Fabian, pag. 152.

"To moist the earth in such degree

"That I may drowne therein."

Songes and Sonets by the Earle of Surrey, &t. fol. 72, pag. 2.

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