stance of reproach, she was so in more senses than one. She was dɲabbe, as fæces (for so our ancestors applied this participle): and she was dɲab and Troyan dɲab, as being expelled and an out-cast from Troy. STRUMPET..... e. stronpöt; a compound of two Dutch participles. Which, being Dutch, let Cassander and his associate explain. F. Speaking of Varlets, you mentioned the word LORD. That word is not yet become quite an opprobrious term, whatever it may be hereafter: which will depend intirely upon the conduct of those who may bear that title, and the means by which it may usually be obtained. But what does the word mean? For I can never believe, with Skinner, that it proceeds from...." Play, panis et "ford (pro afford) suppeditare: quia scilicet multis panem largitur, i. e. multos alit."(b) For the animal we have lately known by that name is intirely of a different description. H. You know, it was antiently written plafond; and our etymologits were misled by blaf, which, as they truly said, certainly means and is our modern LOAF. But when they had told us that LOAF came from blay, they thought their business (b)❝ LORD, ab a. s. blafond, postea louend, Dominus: hoc a blar, panis, et ford pro afford suppeditare. Quia sc. dominus, i. e. nobilis multis panem largitur, i. e. multos alit." Skinner. Junius and Verstegan concur with this derivation; though Junius acknowledges a difficulty...." quoniam nusquam adhuc incideram in vocabulum A Saxonicum, quod responderet Angl. Afford." And this is their with that word was compleated. But I do not so usual practice with other words. understand etymology. I could as well be contented to stop at LOAF in the English, as at lay in the Anglo-Saxon: for such a derivation affords no additional nor ultimate meaning. The question with me is still, why blay in the Anglo-Saxon? I want a meaning, as the cause of the appellation; and not merely a similar word in another language. Had they considered that we use the different terms BREAD and DOUGH and LOAF for the same material substance in different states; they would probably have sought for the etymology or different meanings of those words, in the circumstances of the different states. And had they so sought, they probably would have found: and the meaning of the word blar would have saved them from the absurdity of their derivation of LORD. BREAD we have already explained: It is brayed grain. After breaking or pounding the grain, the next state in the process towards LOAF is DOUGH. And DOUGH....is the past participle of the AngloSaxon verb deapian, to moisten or to wet. DoUGH therefore or Dow means wetted. You will not fail to observe en passant, that DEW ....(A. S. deap) though differently spelled and pronounced, is the same participle with the same meaning. "Ane hate fyry power, warme and DEW, "Bene in thay sedis quhilkis we saulis cal." Douglas lib. 6, pag. 191. "Of Paradise the well in sothfastnes "Foyson that floweth in to sondry royames "Wherefore his mother of very tender herte Lyfe of oure Lady, pag. 167. "And let my breste, benigne lord, be DEWED "Downe with somme drope from thy mageste." Lyfe of oure Lady, pag. 182. "With teares augmenting the fresh mornings DEAW." "Her costly bosom strew'd with precious orient pearl, After the BREAD has been wetted (by which it becomes DOUGH) then comes the leaven (which in the Anglo-Saxon is termed her and hafen); by which it becomes LOAF. LOAF....in Anglo-Saxon play, (A broad) is the past participle of lirian, to raise; and means merely raised. So in the Moso-Gothic, hɅAIKS is LOAF; which is the past participle of hAEIKGAN, to raise, or to lift up. In the old English translation we read...." he "hauynge mynde of his mercy took up Israel his "child." In the modern version...." he hath holpen "his servant Israel in remembrance of his mercy." Luke chap. i. ver. 54. But in the Gothic it is HAEIKIAA ÏSKAEAA." He hath raised or lifted up Israel. 66 When the etymologist had thus discovered that blar meant raised; I think he must instantly have perceived that plafond was a compound word of hlar, (raised or exalted) and ord, ortus, source, origin, birth. LORD....therefore means high-born, or of an exalted origin. With this explanation of the word, you will perceive, that kings can no more make a LORD, than they can make a traitor. They may indeed place a thief and a traitor amongst LORDS; and destroy an innocent and meritorious man as a traitor. But the theft and treachery of the one, and the innocence and merits of the other, together with the infamy of thus mal-assorting them, are far beyond the reach and power of any kings to do away. F. If hlafond, i. e. LORD, does not mean (as I before suspected, and you have since satisfied me it does not mean) an afforder of bread; neither can lafog, i. e. LADY, mean a distributor or server out of that bread:(c) as (still misled by blay) the (c) Verstegan, in his Restitution of decayed Intelligence, edit. 1634, pag, 316, gives us the following account of LORD and LADY. "I finde that our ancestors used for LORD the name of "Laford, which (as it should seeme) for some aspiration in the "pronouncing, they wrot Hlaford and Hlafurd. Afterward it 66 grew to be written Loverd: and by receiving like abridgement "as other our ancient appellations have done, it is in one 66 syllable become LORD. “To deliver therefore the true etymology, the reader shall "understand, that albeit wee have our name of bread from breod, "as our ancestors were woont to call it, yet used they also, and same etymologists have supposed. Yet in hlaydig there is no oɲd, nor any equivalent word to make her name signify high-born. "that most commonly, to call bread by the name of hlaf; from "whence we now only retaine the name of the forme or fashion "wherein bread is usually made, calling it a loaf; whereas loaf "comming of hlaf or laf, is rightly also bread it selfe, and was "not of our ancestors taken for the forme only, as now we use it. "Nor was it usuall in long foregoing ages, that such as were "endued with great wealth and meanes above others, were "chiefely renowned (especially in these northerne regions) for "their house-keeping and good hospitality; that is, for being "able and using to feed and sustaine many men; and therefore 66 were they particularly honoured with the name and title of "Hlafard, which is as much to say as an aforder of laf, that is a "bread-giver: intending (as it seemeth) by bread, the sustenance "of man; that being the substance of our food, the most agree"able to nature, and that which in our daily prayers we "especially desire at the hands of God." "And if we duly observe it, wee shall finde that our nobility " of England which generally doe beare the name of LORD, have "alwaies, and as it were of a successive custome (rightly ac"cording unto that honourable name) maintayned and fed more people, to wit, of their servants, retayners, dependants, tenants, 66 as also the poore, than the nobility of any country in the con"tinent, which surely is a thing very honourable and laudable, " and most well befitting noblemen and right noble minds.” LADY. "The name or title of lady, our honourable appellation "generally for all principall women, extendeth so farre, as that "it not only mounteth up from the wife of the knight to the "wife of the king, but remaineth to some women whose hus"bands are no knights, such as having bin lord majors are "afterward only called masters, as namely the aldermen of York. "It was anciently written hleafdian or leafdian, from whence "it came to the lafdy, and lastly lady. I have shewed here last "before how hlaf or laf was sometime our name of bread, as also |