which the Generality of the English are heredi tary Infidels, viz. Prov. xiv, 28. In the Multitude of People is the King's Honour? Whether this agrees with their Maxim, That we have too many People already?

II. WHETHER the French do not pay a greater Regard to this Obfervation of the wifeft of Men, than we do? And while they are encouraging Matrimony in poor People, by the most engaging and honourable Methods, Whether our Church-wardens in the Country do not often ufurp a Power to forbid the Banns of poor People, left they fhould become burdenfome to the Parish?

III. WHETHER the young Duke of Bur gundy, when he arrives to thirty Years of Age, may not be able to bring into the Field a confiderable Body of young Men, in the Flower of their Age, who owed their Birth to his

Whether it is to be expected, that one Englishman is to beat ten of these?

IV. WHAT is the Strength of a Country? Whether thofe Countries are not the ftrongest (cæteris paribus) which are the most populous?

V. CAN a poor Nation equip or maintain a large Naval Force? Can a Country thinly inhabited be otherwise than poor? Or can D fuck

fuch a Country fpare fufficient Numbers to fight its Battels, without greatly injuring its Agri

culture and Manufactures?

VI. WHICH is the jufteft Notion, this of the English, That they are too populous;-or that of Sir William Petty, who wished, That all the Inhabitants of Scotland and Ireland were tranfplanted into England, and then thofe Countries funk in the Sea?

VII. WHETHER, according to these narrow Notions, That we have too many People already, it doth not follow, that it is a na tional Advantage, that fo many People lay violent Hands upon themfelves,-left we fhould be over-burdened with Numbers?

VIII. WHETHER there is any Country, in which there are fo frequent Executions, or fo many my who kill themselves by their Intemperance and Debauchery, as in England?

IX. Is there any Nation, Proteftant or Popih, where the Mode of living Batchelors prevails fo much as it doth at prefent among Us?-Where there are so few Children the Iffue of the Marriage State? And where fo many young Perfons die between the Birth and the Age of Twenty One Years? Whether therefore there is any Country where a Naturalization Bill is fo neceffary as it is now in England,

England, for the keeping up the present Stock of Inhabitants?

SECTION VIII.

The Increase of People the RICHES of a Country.

I.

W

HAT are the Riches of a Country? -Land? Money? or Labour? What is the Value of Land, but in Proportion to the Numbers of People? What is Money, but a Common Measure, Tally, or Counter, to fet forth or denominate the Price of Labour in the feveral Transfers of it?

II. If Labour is the true Riches, and Money only the Sign or Tally, Is not that Country the wealthieft, which has the most Labour? And hath not that Country the moft Labour, which hath the most People to create mutual Employment for each other?

III. WAS a Country thinly inhabited ever rich? Was a populous Country ever poor?

IV. WHETHER the fingle Province of Holland* is above half as large as the County of Devon?

* THE Sentiments of his late Highness the Prince of Orange, may be worth confidering on this Occafion, both on account of the Authority of the Perfon and the Reason of the Thing. In the Tract entitled, Proposals

·D 2

made

Devon? Whether it hath not ten Times the Inhabitants, and at least twenty Times the Riches? Does not raise more Money for publick Service, and furnish larger Fleets and Armies?

V. WHAT

made to the States General for redreffing and amending the Trade of the Republick, he obferves, Page 12 and 13, That among the moral and political Caufes for the settling and establishing of Commerce in that Republick, the following were the chief, "The unalterable Maxim "and fundamental Law, relating to the free Exercife of "different Religions.-This Toleration and Connivance

hath been found the moft effectual Means to draw "Foreigners to fettle and refide here, and fo' become "inftrumental to the peopling of thefe Provinces.

"THE Conftant Policy of the Republick has been to "make this Country a perpetual, fafe, and secure Afy"lum for all perfecuted and oppreffed Strangers: No "Alliance, no Treaty or Regard for, or Solicitations "from any Potentate whatever, has at any Time been * able to weaken or destroy, or make the State recede "from protecting those who have fled to it for their "own Security and Self-Prefervation.

"THROUGHOUT the whole Courfe of all the Perfe"cutions and Oppreffions that have occurred in other "Countries, the fteady Adherence of the Republick to "this fundamental Law, has been the Cause that many "People have not only fled hither for Refuge, with "their whole Stock in ready Cafh, and their most valuable Effects, but have alfo fettled and eftablished ་་ many Trades, Fabricks, Manufactures, Arts and "Sciences in this Country, notwithstanding the first Materials for the faid Fabricks and Manufactures "were almost wholly wanting in it, and not to be procured but at a great Expence from foreign Parts."

V. WHAT is the Balance of Trade in favour of one Nation against another? If there are forty thousand Perfons in France or Sweden, working up their Manufactures to fend to England;-and only ten thousand at work in England for France or Sweden, Which Nation hath the Balance? If it is allowed that France and Sweden hath the Balance, would it not be to the Advantage of England to get that Number of Manufacturers, by which they exceed us, removed out of France and Sweden, and fettled here?

VII. WERE an Eftimate to be taken of the Wealth of England, which Way would it be rated? By Acres? By Houfes? By Stock? By Merchandize? But do not all these depend on the Number of Inhabitants, who are to occupy, to ufe, to buy and fell, to manufacture, transfer, and export thefe Things, or the Pro duce of them?

SECTION IX.

The Increase of People the Increase of RENT to the Landlord.

I.

W

HETHER Lands near London are not rented at forty Times the VaJoe of Lands of equal Goodness in fome of the

remote