SECTION III. Of the Poetical Books.

General Observations on the Poetical Books of Scripture.-The Book of Job.

- The Book of Psalms.-The Book Proverbs. The Book of Ecclesiastes.

- The Song of Solomon....

-

....

SECTION IV. Of the Prophetical Books.

-

.........

76

General Observations on the Interpretation of the Prophetic Writings.

I. Prophets who flourished prior to the Babylonish Captivity-The Book

of Jonah. The Book of Amos.- -The Book of Hosea.- The Book of

Isaiah.-The Book of Joel.-The Book of Micah.-The Book of Nahum.

-The Book of Zephaniah. II. Prophets who flourished near to, and

during the Babylonish Captivity-The Book of Jeremiah.-The Lamen-

tations of Jeremiah. - The Book of Habakkuk.-The Book of Daniel.-

The Book of Obadiah. - The Book of Ezekiel. III. Prophets who flourish-

ed after the return from Babylon-The Book of Haggai.-The Book of

Zechariah.- The Book of Malachi.

91

SECTION V.-General Remarks on the Books of the New Testa-

ment.

The Title-Order of the Books-Their genuineness and authenticity... 135

SECTION VI. Of the Gospels.

-

Proposed object of the Writers-Not written in chronological order-Their

number confined to four-Genuineness and authenticity-Controversy on

the origin of the three first Gospels - Harmonized table of their contents.

The Gospel of St. Matthew. The Gospel of St Mark. - The Gospel of St.

Luke. The Gospel of St. John.-Analysis of the Four Evangelists.. 137

SECTION VII. Of the Acts of the Apostles.

SECTION VIII.— Of the Epistles of St. Paul.

195

Character of the Apostle -His style - Number and importance of his Epistles
-Their genuineness Quotations in them from the Old Testament.
Epistle to the Galatians.- First Epistle to the Thessalonians.-Second Epis-
tle to the Thessalonians. - Epistle to Titus.-First Epistle to the Corin-
thians. First Epistle to Timothy.- Second Epistle to the Corinthians. —
Epistle to the Romans.- Epistle to the Ephesians. Epistle to the
Philippians.- Epistle to the Colossians. - Epistle to Philemon. -Epistle
to the Hebrews. Second Epistle to Timothy..

-

SECTION IX. Of the Catholic Epistles.

199

First Epistle of Peter.-Second Epistle of Peter.
First Epistle of John. - Second and Third Epistles of

CHAPTER II.-A Sketch of Sacred Geography.

258

284

SECTION I.-General Features and Divisions of the Holy Land.

I. Names.- II. Situation and Limits.-III. Inhabitants.- IV. Divisions.-

V. Face of the Country-1. Rivers.-2. Mountains.-3. Valleys, Plains,

and Deserts.

SECTION II. The Jewish Capital.

291

I. Foundation.-II. Topography.-III. Walls and Gates.-IV. Present state. 321

SECTION III.

Atmosphere and Phenomena of Judea.

Climate-Rains - Winds - Mirage - Coup-de-Soleil.- The weather under

the superintendence of the Creator...

327

SECTION IV. - The Seasons and Productions of Judea.

I. Division of seasons.-II. Fertility and Productions of the land....... 332
SECTION V.- Places beyond the Limits of Judea, which are
mentioned in Scripture.

I. ASIA:1. Arabia.- 2. Armenia.-3. Assyria.-4. Asia Minor.-5. Chal-

dea.-6. Media.-7. Mesopotamia.— 8. Parthia.-9. Persia.-10. Pho-

nicia.-11. Syria.-II. EUROPE: -1. Greece.-2. Illyricum.-3. Italy.-

4. Macedonia.-5. Spain. - Islands : — 1. Crete.-2 Clauda.-3. Melita.-

4. Samothrace.-5. Sicily.- III. AFRICA: — - 1. Egypti— 2. Ethiopia.—

3. Libya.

CHAPTER III. - Political Antiquities of the Jews.

SECTION I.—Forms of Government.

Patriarchal-Theocratical-

tenance of the Kings.

......

338

Commonwealth

-

-

Tributary. Of the Main-

.........

388

SECTION II. The Judicial Law.

I. THE CRIMINAL LAW.-1. Crimes against God.-2. Crimes of Lust.-

3. Crimes of blood.-4. Crimes against property.-5. Crimes of malice.-

6. Crimes against parents and rulers. II. THE CIVIL LAW-1. Debts.—

2. Pledges.-3. Usury.-4. Injury done to property....

390

I. Tribunals.— II. Judicial procedure.— III. The sacred lot.

SECTION IV. Of the Roman Judicature, and manner of Trial,

alluded to in the Scriptures.

I. The right of trial.-II. Privileges of a Roman citizen.-III. The Tri-

bunal.

403

SECTION V.-Modes of Punishment, and Treatment of Prisoners.

I. MODES OF PUNISHMENT.-1. Inferior Punishments, various.-2. Capital

Punishments-Stoning - Strangling - Slaying with the sword --Drown-

ing Sawing asunder - Braying in a mortar — Crucifixion Posthumous

insults.-II. TREATMENT OF PRISONERS - Fettering - Chaining to sol-
diers.

-

SECTION VI.- Military Affairs.

407

1. The whole nation liable to be called to arms: exemptions from military

service.-2. Strength of the Israelitish armies.-3. Military officers.—

4. Order of the battle and encampment.-5. Treatment of enemies.—

6. Division of the spoil.-7. Arms.-8. Chariots.-9. Qualifications of a

warrior.-10. Return of a conquering army.-11. Reward of the victors, 418

SECTION VII. Tribute and Taxes.

-

CHAPTER IV. - Sacred Laws of the Jews, and their Sanctions.

I. THE MORAL LAW.-II. THE CEREMONIAL LAW-Designed, 1. To teach the

doctrines of Religion in a sensible and impressive manner.-2. To preserve

the Israelites from Idolatry.-3. To prepare them for a better dispensa.

tion. III. ECCLESIASTICAL PUNISHMENTS...

429

CHAPTER V. Sacred Festivals of the Jews.

SECTION I. The Sabbath.

-

1. Its institution.-2. Mode of reckoning the Sabbath.-3. Preparation of

the Sabbath.-4. Services and Duties enjoined. -5. Regarded by some as

typical of a future state.

SECTION II. The Great Annual Festivals.

440

Their obligation and design.-I. THE PASSOVER - Original institution and

design The manner of celebrating it-Its typical reference.

II. THE FEAST OF PENTECOST- Manner of celebrating it. III. THE

FEAST OF TABERNACLES -Name and design Manner of celebrating

Its typical reference.

it

-

.......

-

444

I. THE NEW MOONS-Their nature and design - Method of proclaim-

ing them.-II. THE FEAST OF TRUMPETS

III. THE DAY OF EXPIATION

- Its mystical reference.

-

Its nature and design.-

A solemn fast-The prescribed sacrifices

SECTION IV.— The Sabbatical Year and the Jubilee.

461

466

I. THE SABBATICAL YEAR-Its design - No intimations of its observance

before the Babylonish Captivity. II. THE JUBILEE - Its design, po-

litical and typical.-2. Not celebrated till after the Captivity....

SECTION V.- Festivals and Fasts not of Divine Appointment.

I. Various Fasts.-II. The Feast of Dedication.-III. The Feast of Purim 469

CHAPTER VI.—Sacred Places of the Jews.

SECTION I. The Tabernacle.

1. Three Tabernacles among the Israelites.-2. That of Moses described

Its court-Its furniture-Its erection in the Wilderness.-3. The spiritual

instruction it afforded.

I. THE TEMPLE OF SOLOMON-1. The sacred building.-2. Its several courts.—

3. Destroyed by Nebuchadnezzar.-II. THE TEMPLE OF ZERUBBABEL.

III. HEROD'S TEMPLE.- IV. The veneration which the Jews cherished for

their Temple.-V. The TEMPLE SERVICE-1. The Morning Service.—

2. Daily worship.-3. Evening Service. - VI. Various Prohibitions... 481

SECTION III. The Synagogues.

-

1. Their origin and form.-2. Office-bearers of the Synagogue.-3. The

service of the Synagogue.-4. Used as courts of judicature..

CHAPTER VII. - Sacred Things of the Jews.

SECTION I. Animal Sacrifices.

-

494

I. The Victims to be offered. II. The several kinds of Offerings-1. Burnt-
offerings. 2. Sin-offerings.-3. Trespass-offerings.-4. Peace-offerings.—
5. Firstlings and Tithes. III. Design and uses of Sacrifices. . . . . . . .

I. MEAT-OFFerings 1. General directions for preparing them.-2. The

omer of first-fruits.-3. The two loaves for the day of Pentecost.-4. The

shew-bread.-5. Meat-offerings for particular persons.-6. The oblations

of incense, and tithes of inanimate things.-7. Rules prescribed for offering

meat-offerings. II. DRINK-OFFERINGS.-III. The obligations to present

sacrifices and oblations, and the time when they became due. IV. The

typical nature of the whole class of sacrifices.

-

504

CHAPTER VIII. - Members and Officers of the Jewish Church,

SECTION I. The Hebrew Nation, Proselytes, and Devoted

Persons.

-

I. Hebrews and Hellenists. II. PROSELYTES-1. Slaves.-2. Proselytes of

the gate.-3. Proselytes of righteousness.-4. Female proselytes.-5. No-

tions of the Jews concerning proselytes.-III. The Kings.-IV. The

Prophets.-V. Nazarites. — VI. Rechabites.

SECTION II. Ministers of the Sanctuary.

-

510

I. THE HIGH PRIEST-1. His qualifications and functions.-2. His consecra-

tion to the office, and his dress.-3. His duties.-4. Typical nature of his

character.-II. The SUPERIOR OFFICERS of the Temple-1. The Sagan. -

2. The Kathelikin.- 3. The Amerkelin.-4. The Gezberin.-5. The Heads

of the Courses.-6. The Heads of the Houses of their Fathers.-7. Over-

seers.-III. The ORDINARY PRIESTS-1. Qualifications for the discharge of

the priestly office.-2. The dress of the priests.-3. Their duties.-4. Their

maintenance.-5. Their numbers and divisions.- IV. THE LEVITES.-

1. Their rank.-2. Their classes and duties-3. Their consecration.-4. Their

dress.-5. Their support.-6. Their numbers.-V. The Nethinim and

Stationary Men.

-

515

CHAPTER IX. Of the Corruption of Religion among the

Jews.

SECTION I. Idolatrous Practices.

1. Excellency of the Mosaic code of laws. -2. Rise and progress of ido-

latry.-3. Groves and high places. .

SECTION II.-Jewish Sects.

527

1. The Sadducees.-2. The Pharisees.-3. The Essenes. - 4. The Sa-

maritans.—5. The Scribes.-6. The Lawyers.-7. The Elders.... 528

-

SECTION III. The State of Religion among the Jews, at the

Christian Era

534

CHAPTER X.- National and Domestic Customs of the Jews.

SECTION I. — The Divisions and Modes of Reckoning Time.

I. Divisions of Time.-1. Days.-2. Weeks.-3. Months.-4. Years. -

II. Modes of Computing Time.....
536

SECTION II. Weights, Measures, and Coins.

--

I. Measures of length.-II. Liquid measures. III. Dry Measures. -

IV. Weights.-V. Money. - The various forms of metal, as media of

exchange.

SECTION III.— Their Literature.

542

I. WRITING-1. Origin.-2. Materials and forms of books.-3. Illustrations

of Scripture.-4. Written Letters. II. State of the Arts and Sciences. 546

SECTION IV.- Their Habitations.

1. Tents.-2. Villages.-3. Forms of their houses.-4. Their furniture 552

SECTION V. - Their Costume.

1. Permanency of Eastern customs.—2. Oriental dress.—3. Painting of the

eyes.-4. Illustrations of Scripture.-5. Treatment of the beard.-6. San-

dals.-7. Phylacteries.-8. Personal ornaments.

........

562

SECTION VI. – arriages, and Treatment of their Children.

I. MARRIAGES.-1. Espousals.-2. Purchasing the bride.-3. Marriages

contracted at an early age.-4. Marriage ceremonies.-5. Public proces-

sions.-6. Nuptial entertainment.-7. The parable of the ten virgins.-

8. Polygamy.-9. Divorce.-10. The support of widows.-11. Laws

relative to marriage. - II. TREATMENT OF CHILDREN-1. Birth.-2. Cir-

cumcision.-3. Religious instruction.-4. Trades.-5. Privilege of the

first-born.-6. Adoption
572

SECTION VII. Modes of Travelling, &c.

-

1. Travelling provisions, &c. - 2. Hospitality shewn to Travellers.-3. De-

scription of an Eastern Caravan.4. Illustration of the Exodus.

5. Preparations made for the Journeyings of Eastern Monarchs....... 584

SECTION VIII. — Manner of Treating the Sick and the Dead.

1. Modes of treating the sick. — 2. Preparations for the funeral.-3. Lamen-

tations for the dead.-4. Funeral rites. - 5. Cemeteries.-6. Jewish no-

tions of a future state.
501

SECTION IX. - Domestic Customs.

THEIR FOOD 1. Bread. 2. Manner of preparing corn for bread.-

3. Milk, butter, butter-milk, &c.-4. Their meals, and nature of their re-

pasts.-5. Manner of eating.-6. Posture at table.-7. Portions sent to

the absent.-8. Grace at meals.

-

600

SECTION X. Forms of Politeness, and marks of Honour and

Disgrace.

I. FORMS OF POLITENESS - 1. Salutations. - 2. Prostration.-3. Presents

made to superiors.-4. Manner of conducting visits. II. MARKS OF

HONOUR-Presentation of raiment. III. MARKS OF DISGRACE-1. Cut-

ting the beard.-2. Clapping the hands and hissing.-3. Refusing the rites

of sepulture.-4. Disinterment of the dead, &c. ....

-

604

Scripture Allusions to various Customs and

SECTION I. Images borrowed from the Theatre.

1. Theatrical exhibitions not adopted by the Jews.-2. Allusions to the

Drama.-3. Allusions to combats in the Amphitheatre.
610

SECTION II. Images borrowed from the Grecian Games.

1. Various exercises in the Olympic Games.-2. Qualifications of the Candi-

dates.-3. Preparatory discipline.-4. Introduction into the stadium.-

5. The foot race.-6. Boxing.-7. Manner of contending.-8. Rewards of

the victors.-9. Record of the victors. 10. Allusions to these Games

in the New Testament....

SECTION III. Philosophical Sects.

--

1. The Stoics.-2. The Epicureans.

APPENDIX.

-

615

627

I. The Outlines of a Scripture Cyclopædia

631

II. Scripture Lessons for Daily Reading, in Historical Order

632