Fireplaces, 65.

Firstfruits, 227.

Fish, scarce eaten in the most ancient times either by Israelites or
Grecians, 68.

Fleury, Abbé, his life, 9-15.

Forces, see Militia.

Fruits brought into Europe from Asia and Africa have degenerated, 44.
Fruitfulness of the promised land, 42, 43, 44.

Funerals among the Hebrews, 116, 117.

Gadara described, 202.

Galilees, two of them, 200.

G

Galileans were the first who received the gospel, 201.

Galileo imprisoned for asserting the true system of the world, 140,
Note.

Games of hazard unknown to the Israelites, and forbidden by the
Arabians to this day, 113.

Gate of the city, courts of judicature held there, 150.

Genealogies of Matthew and Luke, how reconciled, 83.

Genesareth, lake of, 203.

Germans introduced on this side of the Rhine the love of hunting, 38;
and will always retain it, 181.

Gittith, what, 101.

Globe explained, 212.

Government of the Israelites, what the form of it, 142, &c.; of the
patriarchs, lasted nine hundred years, 31.

Gout, king Asa blamed for trusting in physicians to cure it, 73.
Greek proper names explained, 33.

Greeks, ancient, employed in breeding cattle, 27; seem to have been
great eaters, 27; retained a great opinion of husbandry in the
height of their politeness, 37; joined manufactures and trade to it,
53, 54; their wisdom and religion, 135, 136; their worship, 137,
138; improved in sciences not till the time of Alexander, 139.
Greek tongue learnt by the Jews, especially of Alexandria, 187.
Greek and Gentile, whence the same, 172.

Gregorian Style, 213.

H

Habits of the priests, 236; ditto of the highpriest, 237, 239.
Hacamim, or chocamim, who, 239.

Handmaids, who they were, 29.

Hazanim, who, 180.

Hebrew, the genius of the language, 87, 88; lost by the Jews in their
captivity, 165.

Hebrews by birth, 190.

Hecatous, a fragment of his concerning the extent of Palestine
explained, 46, 47.

Heiresses, obliged to marry within their own tribe and family, 75.
Hellenists, who meant by them in Scripture, 172.

Herod's reign, the last period in which the Jews were considerable,
178; his tetrarchy, 204.

Hesiod wrote a poem upon husbandry, 37; his manner of writing, 98.
Higgaion, what, 102.

Highpriest, see Priest.

Hindoos, their purifications, 75.

Historians, the priests only such anciently, 96; excellence of the

Jewish, 97.

Holocaust, what, 223.

Holy Land, names and divisions of, 196; why called Palestine, 196.
Homer referred to, 26, 31, 37; shows his heroes were great eaters, 27.
Horse, see Cavalry.

Houses, and household furniture, in the east, what, 63.

Hunting in more credit among the moderns than the ancients; a bar-
barous employment, 39; not followed much by the Israelites, 113.
Husbandry, the employment of the patriarchs, 26; and of the Israel-
ites afterwards, 35-42; and of other ancient nations, 42; brought
into disesteem by the tyranny of the northern nations, 40; more
useful than what is called learning, 95; parables in the gospel bor-
rowed from that employ, 181.

I

Idolatry, the rise of it, 134; the Israelites tempted to it by their neigh-
bours, 140. Idols, whence called vanity and abomination, 174.
Idumea described, 200.

Inspiration, how far it attended the sacred writers, and in what sense
to be understood, 98.

Instruments of Music among the Hebrews, account of, 99; Hebrew
and Chaldee names of these, 103.

Israelites, whence their name, 31; their country, see Palestine ;
divided into twelve tribes, 31; were really brethren, 32; did not
intermarry with other nations, 32; titles among them, what, 32;
employments, 35, &c. ; hindered from alienating their property, 51;
paid no rents but the tenths and firstfruits, 51; prohibited from
castrating their cattle, 51; used asses instead of horses, 51; had
but few slaves, and little money, 52; not much addicted to trade,
52; wanted artificers for arms and even instruments of husbandry,
54; no bakers among them, 55; wore their beards long, 62; used
originally to eat sitting, 66; afterwards lying, 67; had at first no
physicians, 72; how far avoided strangers, 73, 74; did not study
languages, 87; writing not common among them, 88; had no
public schools, 96; their government founded on aristocracy, 142;
fall into idolatry, and apply to strangers for succours, both which
brought on their ruin, 163. See Jews.

Italy, varied at different periods, 20.

Jasher, book of, 89.

J

Jews, a name applied to the kingdom of Judah not till after the capti-
vity of the ten tribes, 164; less corruption in that kingdom than in
that of Israel, 163; what numbers returned from their captivity,
166; how long before they rebuilt their city and temple, 168; when
they recovered themselves, 169; enjoyed their own laws, 169;
communicated their doctrines to the Grecians, 169; privileges
granted them by several kings, 171; when they learned the Greek
tongue, 171; some of them writers in it, 171; dispersed in Asia
and Europe, 172; whence falsely reckoned an ignorant people, 173;
under what kings persecuted, 175; take up arms against the Syrian

kings, 176; become considerable under the Maccabees for fourscore
years, 177, 178; harassed by different nations, and at last subject
to the Romans, 178; became taxgatherers, &c., contrary to their
original institution, 181; many of them physicians, 182; would
not pronounce the names of false gods, 89; think themselves obliged
to kill the Gentiles whenever they can, 192, 246.

Jewish prohibitions, utility of, 18; confession of faith, 244, 246;
liturgy, 265.

Joel, meaning of the name, 32.

Jonath Elem Rechokim, 102.

Jordan, whence its name, 196.

Joseph, remarks on his age, 30.

Jubilee, the word does not signify a ram's horn, 124.

Judaism could not be embraced by eunuchs, 191.

Judges governed those tribes only who chose them, 158; judges in
courts of judicature, 149.

Justice, administration of, 149.

K

King, desired by the Israelites as preferable to their condition under
judges, 158; his standing forces, 159; had absolute power of life
and death, and of levying tribute, 159; in what respect limited, 159;
his splendour and riches, 160.

Kingdoms, at first small, 24.

Kinoor, what, 105.

Kithres, what, 104.

Lamech the first polygamist, 84.

L

Lamps, anciently used instead of candles, 64; description of a curious
one, 64.

Languages, not studied by the Hebrews or ancient Greeks, 87.

Law, always read in Hebrow, 240.

Leprosy, which sort meant in Scripture, 72.

Levi, whole tribe of, dedicated to God, 34.

Levites, sophetim or judges; and inferior officers of justice, called

soterim, chosen out of them, 149.

Levites, estates, functions, and number, 229, 232.

Levitical cities, 198.

Liturgy, Jewish, 265.

Lordships, not above seven hundred years old, 34.

M

Maccabees revived the Jewish state, 177.

Mahaloth, what, 102.

Mahometans scrupulously nice about some indecencies, 111; forbidden
games of hazard, 113.

Maimonides describes a proselyte, 191; shows what was required in
such, 191, 195; describes the magnificence of the temple, 232;
opinion concerning original sin, 245, 246.

Manners of nations alter by time and place, 19.

Marriage with strangers allowed to the Jews, except of heiresses, 75;
marriage feasts, how long they lasted, 80; transacted between the
relations and friends, without priests or sacrifices, 81; promoted
among the ancients, 81; necessary for the Jewish priests, 123.

Martyrs, who the first, 176.

Maschil, what, 103.

Meats clean and unclean among other nations as well as the Jews, 68;
physical and moral reasons for such distinction, 69.

Mehil, what, 237.

Messiah, types of his reign described in terms by which the prophets
foretel the happiness of the Jews, 169.

Michtam, what, 102.

Militia, all persons of such an age made part of it in Judea and at
Rome, 155; of what number it consisted under different kings of
Israel, 156, 159.

Mincha, what, 221.

Ministers of the temple, 229.
Mitres, 62.

Mohammedans, their purifications, 78; their fasts, 130.
Mohel, who, 81.

Money, little among the Israelites, 25, 52.

Moon regulated the Jewish months, 208; new, 209.

211.

Month, periodical, 210, synodical, 210. Months, their names,
Month among the Israelites computed from the moon's appearance,
209; reason of this, 209.

Mountains of Judea, 197.

Mourning among the Israelites for misfortunes, as well as the death
of relations, 114; the manner of it among them and other nations,
115.

Music among the Hebrews and other nations exquisite, 92; more
affecting than ours, 93; in what sense promoted prophesying, 92.
Musicians, four thousand under David, 93. Instruments of, 99.
Muthlabben, wbat, 102.

Mysteries, heathen, full of debaucheries, 136, 137.

N

Nabla, what, 93; particularly described, 104.

Naboth, whence his resolution not to sell the inheritance of his
fathers, 51.

Names of the patriarchs, historical, 23; of the Israelites, religious, 32;
of false gods not mentioned by them, 89; sometimes the father's,
sometimes the mother's name, continued to the children, 33; some-
times a surname added, 34; how distinguished among the Greeks
and Romans, 34.

Names of the Holy Land, 196.

Nations, how some vary in their manners and customs, how others
agree, 20.

Nazarites, vow, in what it consisted, 128; what they were, 229, 241.
Neginoth and Nehiloth, what, 101.

Noah, precepts of, 191.

Nuchthemeron, what, 205.

Nurses, three only mentioned in Scripture, 84.

Oblations, different kinds, 227, 228.

Ode, see Poetry.

Odoriferous plants laid up with wearing apparel, 25.

Offerings, numerous in the Jewish temple, 127; different kinds, 226,

228.

Officers, but four sorts in Joshua's time, 153; more in David's, 154;
their Hebrew names explained, 153, 154.

Officers of the temple, 232; of war, 232; of the synagogue, 239.
Oil used anciently instead of candles, 64; their paste kneaded with
it, 68.

Old Men, their authority, 147.

Olympiads, what, 208.

Original Sin, Jewish opinion of, 245, 246.

P.

Painters injudiciously represent the habits of the ancients, 58; and a
priest present at the ceremony of circumcision, 81; by guess only
making David playing on a harp, 93.

Palestine, whence its name, 196; the advantages of its situation, 42;
whence its present desolation, 43; its fertility formerly, 43; the
number of its inhabitants, 44; its contents of acres, and how many
men it was able to maintain, 46; its contents in degrees, 47; the
people somewhat supported by tributaries, 47.

Pallium, what, 58.

Parnasim, who, 240.

Pastoral life more perfect than that of husbandry, 26; followed by
people of condition among the Greeks and other nations, 26; see
Husbandry.

Pastorals, their origin, 26.

Patriarchs, explanation of the name, 21; the advantage of their
longevity, 21; their very names historical, 23; a sort of kings, 24;
their riches chiefly in cattle, 24; but without horses or hogs, 25;
had slaves, money, and perfumes, 25; lived chiefly in tents, 25;
their lives laborious, 26; their meals plain, and were great eaters,
27; enjoyed good health, and attained to a great age, 28; their
moderation with regard to wives, 29.

Peace-offerings, 225.

Perfumes used by the Israelites before musk and ambergrise were
found out, 112; used sometimes at their funerals, 116.

Perea described, 201, 202.

Pharisees, their principles, 183; gave alms in public, 185.
Phænicians, or Canaanites, whence addicted to trade, 53.

Phylacteries, what they were, note, 184; curious account of one, 185.
Physicians, first in Egypt, 29; originally surgeons, 72.

Plato borrowed probably from the writings of Moses, 170.

Plato's commonwealth realized among the ancient Hebrews, 37.
Plural, when first used in speaking to one person, 110.

Poetry, the most ancient species of it, 91; dramatic not used among
the Hebrews, 92; curious specimens of it, 107, 108.

Polygamy, the reason of it, 83; reasons why tolerated, 84.
Population of ancient nations, curious facts concerning, 48, &c.
Pot, whence Jerusalem compared to it, 122.

Presbyter, whence, 148.

Priests, not excluded from civil offices, or bearing arms. 124, 155
among the Israelites and Egyptians the only writers of history, 96;
not necessary at the ceremony of circumcision, 81; forbidden to
be present at funerals, 117; their court in the temple, 121; what