with the

Queen abous

"Exercise of any other Religion in any of his Houfes than the "Roman Catholick: and the Queen gave notice to the Chaplain "that he was no longer able to continue the payment "of the Exhibition fhe had formerly affign'd to him. The Proteftants, whereof many were of the beft Quality, lamented this Alteration to the Chancellour of the Exchequer; and defired him to intercede with the Queen, which he had the more title to do, because, at his going into Spain, the had vouchfafed to promife him (upon fome Rumours, of which he took notice) "that the fame Privilege which had been, "fhould ftill be continued, and enjoy'd by the Proteftants of "her Houfhold; and that fhe would provide for the Chap"lain's Subfiftence. He prefum'd therefore to speak with her The ChancelMajefty upon it; and befought her to confider," what ill im- Ler (peaks "preffion this new Order would make upon the Proteftants "of all the King's Dominions; upon whom he was chiefly to . "depend for his Reftoration; and how much prejudice it "might be to her felf, to be looked upon as a greater Enemy "to Proteftants, than fhe had been taken notice of to be; "and likewife, whether this Order, which had been given "fince the departure of the Duke of York, might not be made. "ufe of as an excufe for his not returning, or indeed for his going away at first, fince the precife time when it iffued, "would not be generally understood. The Queen heard him The Queen's very graciously, and acknowledged "that what he faid had Answer. "reafon in it; but protefted that the knew not what remedy "to apply to it; that she had been her felf furprised with that "Order, and was troubled at it; but that the Queen Regent "was pofitive in it, and blamed her for want of Zeal in her "Religion; and that she cared not to advance it, or to con"vert any of her Children. She wifh'd him " to confer with "Mr Mountague upon it; and imply'd, "that His bigotry in "his new Religion, had contributed much to the procuring "that Order. He had newly taken Orders, and was become Prieft in that Church, and had great power with the Queen Regent, as well for his Animofity against that Religion he Had profeffed, as for his vehement Zeal for the Church of which he now was. Upon this occafion, her Majefty expreffed a great fenfe of the lofs fhe had fuftain'd by the death of her old Confeffor, Father Philips; who, fhe faid, “was a "prudent and discreet Man; and would never fuffer her to be "preffed to any paffionate undertakings, under pretence of "doing good for Catholicks; and always told her, that, as she "ought to continue firm and conftant to her own Religion, "fo fhe was to live well towards the Proteftants, who deferv'd "well from her, and to whom he was beholding. She faid, "it would not be poffible to have the fame or any other Room

"fet

The Chancel

with Mr Mounta

"fet afide, or allow'd to be used as a Chapel; but that she "would take fuch course, that the Family might meet for the "Exercife of their Devotion in fome private Room that be"long'd to their Lodgings: and that though her own Exhibi"tion was fo ill paid, that he was indebted to all her Ser"vants, yet fhe would give order that Doctor Cofins ( against "whom he had fome perfonal exceptions) fhould receive his Salary, in proportion with the relt of her Servants. She bid him "affure the.Duke of York, that he should have a free Ex"ercife of his Religion, as he had before, though it must not "be in the fame place.

gue about it, faid,

THE Chancellor conferr'd with Mr Mountague upon the lar confers Subject; and offer'd the fame reafons which he had done to the Queen; which he looked upon as of no moment; but that the King of France was Mafter in his own House, "and he was refolv'd, though the King of England himself "fhould come thither again, never to permit any folemn ex"ercife of the Proteftant Religion in any Houfe of his. The confideration of what the Proteftants in England might think on this occafion, was of least moment to him; and it was indeed the Common difcourfe there," that the Proteftants of the "Church of England could never do the King Service, but that "all his hopes must be in the Roman Catholicks, and the "Presbyterians; and that he ought to give all fatisfaction "to both those Parties.

The (bancel

tor finds the Duke of

WHEN the Chaancellor of the Exchequer came to Antwerp, with a purpose to make a Journey speedily to the Hague, he was inform'd, "that the States were much offended that the "Duke of York remain'd there; and therefore that the Princess "Royal (who now more depended upon their favour than ever; her own Joynture, as well as the fortune of her Son, being to be fettled in their Judicatory) "could no longer en"certain him, but that he would be the next day at Breda. Thither the Chancellor immediately went; and found the Duke there with a Family in all the confufion imaginable, in York at prefent want of every thing, and not knowing what was to be Breda; and done next. They all cenfur'd and reproach'd the Counsel by the factions which they had been guided, and the Counsellors as bitterly inveigh'd against each other, for undertaking many things which had no foundation in truth. They who concurr'd in nothing else, were equally fevere against the Atturney, as a Man of that intolerable pride that it was not poffible for any Man to converfe with him. He as frankly reproach'd them all with being Men of no parts, of no understanding, nor learning, no principles, and no refolution, and was fo juft to them all, as to contemn every Man of them alike. In truth he had render'd himself so grievous to them all, that there was

of the Duke's family there.

no

no Man who defired to be in his Company; yet, by the knack of his talk, which was the moft like reafon without being it, he retain'd ftill too much credit with the Duke; who, being amufed aud confounded with his pofitive discourse, thought him to be wifer than those who were more eafily understood; and was himself fo young, that he was rather delighted with the Journeys he had made, than fenfible that he had not enter'd upon them with reafon enough; and was fortified with a firm refolution never to acknowledge that he had committed any error. However, he was very glad to receive the Queen's Letter, which the Chancellor delivered to him; heard his advice very willingly, and refolv'd to begin his Journey to Paris without any delay; and looked upon the occafion, as a very feasonable redemption. The next day he went to Antwerp; and from thence, with the fame retinue he had carried with him, made haft to Paris, and was receiv'd by the Queen his Mother without thofe expoftulations and repre- The Duke henfions which he might reasonably have expected; though returns to her severity was the fame towards all thofe, who, fhe thought, had had the credit and power to feduce him; and they were' not follicitous, by any Apologies or Confeffion, to recover her favour for the true reafon that had fwayed them being not to be avow'd, any other that they could devife and fuggeft, would have render'd them more inexcufable.

Paris to the

Queen.

DURING this time, the King underwent all kind of Mor- The King's tifications in Scotland. But after the defeat of the Scotish Ar- affairs in my in September, with which the King and Cromwell were Scotland. equally delighted, as hath been faid before, the Marquis of Argyle's Empire feem'd not to be fo abfolute. A new Army was appointed to be raifed; the King himself interpofed more than he had done; and the Noblemen and Officers came to him with more Confidence; and his Majefty took upon him to complain and expoftulate, when those things were done which he did not like: Yet the Power was ftill in Argyle's hands; who, under all the profeffions of Humility, exercifed ftill the fame Tyranny; infomuch as the King grew weary of his own Patience, and refolved to make fome attempt to free himself. Dr Frazier, who had been the King's Phyfician many years before, and had conftantly attended upon his Perfon, and very much contributed to the King's Journey into Scotland, was, fhortly after his coming thither, difliked by Argyle; who knew that he was a Creature of the Hamiltonians, and found him to be of an unquiet and over-active Spirit; and thereupon fequeftered him from his Attendance. There were many Officers who had ferved in Duke Hamilton's Engagement, as Middleton, and others, who had very entire Affections for the King; and many of them had correfponded with

2

Mountrofe,

Start.

Book XIII. Mountrofe, and refoly'd to have joyn'd with him; and finding themselves excluded, as all of them were, from any Employment by the Power of Argyle, had retired into the Highlands, and remained there concealed in expectation of fome good Seafon, in which they might avowedly appear. With fome of these Dr Frazier had held correfpondence whilft he was in the Court, and had often spoken to the King of their Affection, and readiness to ferve him, and of their power to do it, and had returned his Majefty's gracious Acceptation of their Service, and his Refolution to employ them. And now not being himself fuffer'd to come to the Court, he found means to meet and confer with many of them; and held Intelligence with the Lord Lautherdale, who had always great confidence in him; and the Officers undertaking to do more than they could, or the Doctor understanding them to undertake more than they did (for his Fidelity was never fufpected) he gave the King fuch an Account of their Numbers, as well as Refolutions, that his Majesty appointed a day for their Rendezvous, and promifed to be prefent with them, and then to publish a Declaration (which was likewife prepared) of the ill treatment he had endured, and against the Perfon of Argyle; to whom the Duke of Buckingham gave himself wholely up, and imparted to him all this correfpondence, having found fome of the Letters which had paffed, by the King's having left his Cabinet open; for he was not at all trufted in it.

The King BUT Argyle did not think the time so near; so that the withdraw King did profecute this purpofe fo far, that he rode one day, zowards the with a dozen or twenty Horfe, into the High-lands, and High-lands; which was lodged there one night; neither the Marquis of Argyle, nor called the any Body elfe, knowing what was become of him; which put them all into great diftraction. It was indeed a very empty and unprepared defign, contriv'd and conducted by Dr Frazier, without any foundation to build upon; and might well have ruin'd the King. It was afterwards call'd the Start; yet it proved, contrary to the expectation of Wise Men, very much to his Majefty's advantage. For though he was compell'd the next day to return, with a circumftance that feemed to have somewhat of force in it (for as the Company he looked for failed to appear, fo there was a Troop of Horse, The King which he looked not for, fent by Argyle, who ufed very efbetter ufed fectual inftance with him to return) yet notwithstanding, this afterwards Declaration of his Majefty's refentment, together with the obby Argyle. A Parlia fervation of what the People generally fpoke upon it," that ment fum- "the King was not treated as he ought to be, made the Marmon'd in the quis of Argyle change his Counfels, and to be more follicitous King's name to fatisfy the King. A Summons was fent out, in the King's

But is perSwaded to

return the next day.

name,

395

name, to call a Parliament; and great preparations were really made for the Coronation; and the Seafon of the year, against which Cromwell was fecuring himself in Edenborough, and making Provifions for his Army, the Winter coming on, and the ftrong Paffes which were eafy then to be guarded hindred the Enemies advance: fo that the King refided, fometimes at Sterling, and fometimes at St Johnston's, with convenience enough. The Parliament met at Sterling, and fhortly after brought all the Lords of the other Party thither, who appear'd Sterling, to have credit enough to wipe off thofe ftains with which the and reconEngagement had defaced them, yet with fubmiflion to ftand cales the publickly in the Stool of Repentance, acknowledging their Lord former Tranfgreffions; as they all did.

It meets as

General.

DUKE Hamilton and Lautherdale were welcome to the King, and neareft his Confidence; which neither the Duke of Buckingham, who had caft off their Friendship as unufeful, nor the Marquis of Argyle, were pleafed with. The King himfelf grew very Popular, and, by his frequent conferences with the Knights and Burgeffes, got any thing paffed in the Parliament which he defired. He caufed many infamous A&ts An Army to be repeal'd, and provided for the raising an Army, where- raised, of of himfelf was General; and no exceptions were taken to which the thofe Officers who had formerly ferv'd the King his Father. King is THE Coronation was paffed with great Solemnity and The CoronaMagnificence, all Men making fhew of Joy, and of being uni-tion. ted to ferve his Majefty: yet the Marquis of Argyle preferv'd his greatness and intereft fo well, and was ftill fo confiderable, that it was thought very expedient to raife an imagination in him, that the King had a purpose to Marry one of his Daughters; which was carried fo far, that the King could no otherwife defend himself from it, than by fending an Express into France for the Queen his Mother's confent (which feemed not to be doubted of) and to that purpose Captain Titus, a Perfon grateful to Argyle, and to all the Presbyterian Party, was fent; who, finding the Queen lefs warm upon the Propofition than was expected, made lefs haft back; fo that the Fate of Scotland was first determin'd.

THE King's Army was as well modelled, and in as good a Condition as it was like to be whilst he stayed in Scotland. By that time that Cromwell was ready to take the Field, his Majefty was perfwaded to make David Lefley his Lieutenant General of the Army; who had very long experience, and a very good Name in War; and Middleton Commanded the Horfe. The Artillery was in very good order under the Command of Wemmes, who had not the worse Reputation there for having been ungrateful to the King's Father. He was a confeffed good Officer; and there were, or could be,