Book XIII. in her Nature, fo to fupply him as to make his Condition pleafant to him; but exercifed the fame Auftere Carriage towards him, which he had done to the Prince his Brother, and as unfuccefsfully. The Duke was very young, with a numerous Family of his own, not well enough inclin❜d to be contented, and confifting of Perfons who lov'd not one another, nor their Mafter well enough to confider him before themselves which wrought that effect upon him, that none of them had that Credit with him, that, at fuch an Age, fome good Men ought to have had: which procceded from want of reafonable providence and circumfpection. For when he made his Efcape out of England (as is mention'd before) he had only one Perfon attending him (who had, before, no relation or pretence to his Service) whofe Merit might have been otherwife requited, than by giving him a title and dependence upon him; and he quickly appear'd to be so unworthy of it, that he was remov'd from it. Then was the time that fuch Perfons fhould have been placed about him, as might have both difcover'd fuch infirmities, as his Nature might incline him to, and have infufed thofe Principles of Virtue, and Honour, as he was moft capable of, and difpofed to; and which had been as proper for his prefent Misfortune, as for his higheft Dignity. But that Province was wholely committed to the Queen his Mother by the late King, who was then in Prifon; and her Majefty being then at Paris, when the Duke Landed in Holland, he could not deliberate fo long upon it as fuch a fubject requir'd; and fo was perfwaded by others to confider them more than her Son; and made haft to put fuch a Family about him, with reference to the Number, and to the Offices which they were defign'd to ferve in, as was above the Greatnefs to which the younger Son of the Crown of England could pretend, by the Ufage and Cuftom of that Kingdom, when it was in the greatest Splendour; and all this, when there was not in view the leaft Revenue to Support it, but that the whole Charge and Burthen of it muft inevitably fall upon Her; of which her Majefty was quickly fenfible, and paid the penalty at least in the peace and quiet of her Mind

THE Duke was full of Spirit and Courage, and naturally lov'd defigns, and defir'd to engage himself in fome Action that might improve and advance the low Condition of the King his Brother; towards whom he had an inviolable Affection and Fidelity, fuperior to any Temptation. He was not pleased with the treatment he receiv'd in France, nor had confidence enough in any of his Servants, to be advised by them towards the contriving any expedient that he might reafonably difpofe himself to, or to be diffwaded from any En

terprise

terprise which his own Paffion might fuggeft to him; though too many had too much Credit with him in contributing to his difcontents, and in reprefenting the uncomfortableness of his own Condition to him; "the little regard the Queen ap"pear'd to have of him, the luftre that fome of her Servants "liv'd in, and thofe who depended upon them, whilft his "Royal Highnefs wanted all that was neceffary, and his Ser"vants were expofed to the moft fcandalous neceffities and "contempt; which fuggeftions, by degrees, began to abate that reverence in him to the Queen his Mother, to which he was very dutifully inclin'd.

in him.

They recom

mend to him

THERE were at that time two Perfons, who, though without any relation to the Court, very much frequented the Duke's Lodgings, and had frequent difcourfes with him, Sr Edward Herbert, the late King's Atturney General (of whom s Edward much is faid before) and Sr George Ratcliff, who had been de- Herbertand fign'd by that King to attend upon the Duke of York into Sr G. RatIreland, when he once thought of fending him thither. But cliff have that defign being quickly laid afide, there was no more thought great intereft of ufing his Service there. The Duke looked upon them both as Wife Men, and fit to give him advice; and finding that they both applied themfelves to him with diligence, and addrefs, he communicated his thoughts more freely to them than to any others. And they took pains to perfwade him to diflike the Condition he was in, and that he might spend his time more to his advantage in fome other place than in France. They spoke often to him of the Duke of Lorraine, "as a pattern and example for all unfortunate Princes to fol"low: That he being, by the power and injuftice of the King the pattern "of France, driven out of his Principality and Dominions, of the Duke "had, by his own Virtue and Activity, put himself in the of Lorraine "head of an Army; by which he made himself fo confiderable, "that he was Courted by both the Crowns of France and Spain, and might make his Conditions with either accord"ing to his own election; and in the mean time liv'd with "great Reputation, and in great Plenty, efteem'd by all the "World for his Courage and Conduct. With these, and the like difcourfes, the Duke was much pleased, and amufed, and wish'd in himself that he could be put into fuch a Condition, when in truth there could not a more improper example have been proposed to him, whofe Condition was more unlike his, or whofe Fortune and Manners he was lefs to wish to follow, or less able to imitate. For the Duke of Lorraine had for The Duke of many years before his Misfortunes, had a great name in War, Lorraine's and was looked upon as one of the greatest Captains of Chri- Charader. ften dom; and had drawn the Armes and Power of France upon him, by his inconftancy, and adhering to Spain, contrary

to his Treaty and obligation with the other Crown; and when he was driven out of his own Country, and not able to defend it, he was in the head of a very good Army, and poffeffed of great wealth, which he carried with him, and could not but be very welcome, as he well knew, into Flanders, both as his Misfortune proceeded from his Affection to their King, and as his Forces were neceffary for their defence. And fo he made fuch Conditions with them, as were most beneficial to himself, and yet, in the confequence, fo unfuccessful, as might well terrify all other Princes from treading in the fame footsteps.

liev'd in

be dead.

WITH the report of the defeat of that Army by Cromwell in Scotland (which was the first good fortune to the King) or France to fhortly after, fome Letters from England brought Intelligence, without any ground, that the King war dangerously Sick; and thortly after, that he was Dead; which was believ'd in England, and from thence tranfmitted into France. This gave a new Alarm to thofe two Gentlemen mention'd before, who receiv'd this information from fuch Friends in England, that they did really believe it to be true; and thereupon concluded, that both the place and the company would not be fit for the new King to be found in: and therefore that it would be neceflary for him to remove from thence, before the report fhould be confirm'd, and believ'd.

York ac

Bruffels ; whither he 2061.

WHETHER they imparted this nice confideration to the Duke or not, his Highness, without any Preface of the MoThe Duke of tives, told the Queen, "he was refolv'd to make a Journey to "Brufels; who, being exceedingly furprifed, ask'd him the quaints his reafon; and "how he could be able to make fuch a Journey? Mother that which the in truth believ'd impoffible for him, fince the knew be will go to he had no Money. His Anfwer in fhort was, "that he would "vifit the Duke of Lorraine, who had been always a Friend "to his Father, and continued his Affection to the King his "Brother; and he had fome reason to believe, that Duke "would enable him to appear in action, that might be for his "Majefty's fervice; and that he was refolv'd to begin his Jour66 ney the next day; from which,neither the Queen's advice,nor Authority, could divert him. Her Majefty quickly discern'd, that neither the Lord Byron, nor Sr John Berkeley, nor Mr Bennet, his Secretary, knew any thing of it; and therefore eafily concluded who the Countcllors were; who were both very ungracious to her, and fhe had long done all the could to leffen the Duke's efteem of them. They well forefaw that the want of Money would be of that force, that, without any other difficulty, the Journey would be render'd impoffible. They had therefore, upon their own credit, or out of their own store, procur'd as much as would defray the Journey to Bruffels;

Bruffels; which, by the Duke's directions, was put into the hands of St George Ratcliffe, and to be managed by his providence and difcretion. And then he publickly declar'd his refolution to begin his Journey the next day for Bruffels, leaving his Servants to make what fhift they could to stay there, or follow him.

SINCE there was no remedy, the Queen thought it neceffary that his chief Servants fhould wait on him, that the might receive an Account what progrefs he made, and what his defign could be: fo the Lord Byron, and Mr Bennet, made themfelves ready for the Journey; St John Berkley choofing to ftay behind, that he might not appear inferior where he had exercised the fupreme Charge. And fo, with the other two Counsellors, and many of the inferior Servants, the Duke, according to his refolution, left the Queen; and, when he came to Bruffels, he lodged at the Houfe of Sr Henry de Vic the King's Refident, without being taken notice of by any of that Court. There the two Counsellors begun to form his Family, and to confer Offices upon those who were most acceptable to them; prefuming that they fhould fhortly receive News from England, which would confirm all that they had done under other Titles. In the mean time the Government of the Houfe, and ordering the expence, was committed wholely to Sr George Ratcliffe, whilft the other contented himself with prefiding in the Councils, and directing all the politick defigns. The Duke of Lorraine had vifited the Duke upon his firft Arrival, and being inform'd of the ftreights his Royal Highness was in, prefented him with one thoufand Piftols. But now the fecret ground of all their Counsels was found to be without any reality: the King was not only alive, and in good health, but known to be in the head of an Army that look'd Cromwell in the Face; which deftroy'd all the Machine they had raised: yet, being too far Embark'd to retire with any grace, and being encouraged by the civility the Duke of Lorraine had fhew'd towards the Duke, they had the prefumption to propofe that there might be a Marri-. age between the Duke of York and the Daughter of the Duke His twoCoun of Lorraine by the Countefs of Canteeroy; whom he had pub- fellors propose lickly Married, but which Marriage was declar'd at Rome to a Match for be void, by reafon that his former Wife was ftill alive.

him with the

Duke of

WHEN the Duke of Lorraine faw how the Affairs of this Lorraine's young Prince were conducted, and that the Lord Byron, and Baftard Mr Bennet, who were Men well bred, and able to have dif- Daughter, courfed any bufinefs to him, one whereof was his Governour and the other his Secretary, who by their Offices ought to be more trusted in an Affair of that moment, were not at all acquainted with it, and that the other two Perfons, who were

Men

Men of a very unusual mien, appear'd in it, and that only St George Ratcliffe undertook to fpeak to him about it, who could only make himfelf understood in Latin, which the Duke cared not to fpeak in, he declin'd entertaining the motion, till he might know that it was made with the King's approbation; which the other did not pretend it to be, but "that he "did not doubt it would be afterwards approv'd by his Ma"jefty. Thus they were at the end of their projects; and The Duke there being no means to ftay longer at Bruffels, they perfwadvifits hu Si-ed the Duke to vifit his Sifter at the Hague, and there to confter at the fider, and advife what was next to be done.

Hague.

Of all thefe particulars the Queen complain'd to the Chancellor of the Exchequer, with great bitterness against the folly and prefumption of thofe two Gentlemen, whofe fidelity to the King fhe did not fufpect; nor could fhe imagine the motive that had engaged them in fuck a bold undertaking; but fhe requir'd him, "that affoon as he should come into Flan"ders, he would make a Journey to the Hague, and prevail with the Duke (to whom the writ to the fame purpose) "to return again to Paris; which the Chancellor promised to endeavour heartily to do, being exceedingly troubled at the general difcourfe, which that Sally had adminifter'd, as if there were a Schifm in the Royal Family in a feafon when fo much union was requifite.

THERE was another inftance of the King's extreme low condition, and of the highest difrefpect the Court of France could exprefs towards him, and of which all the Proteftant Party of the Queen's Family complain'd very vehemently. From the time of the Queen's being in France, the late King had appointed a Chaplain of his own, Dr Cofins, who was afterwards Bishop of Durham, to attend upon her Majefty for the conftant fervice of that part of her Houthold, the number of her Proteftant Servants being much fuperior to those who were Roman Catholicks. And the Queen had always punctually comply'd with the King's directions, and used the Chaplain very graciously, and affign'd him a competent fupport with the rest of her Servan's. An under Room in the Louvre, out of any common paffage, had been affign'd for their Morning and Evening Devotions; the Key whereof was committed to the Chaplain; who caufed the Room to be decently furnish'd, and kept; being made ufe of to no other purDr Cofins pofe. Here, when the Prince first came thither, and afterforbid to off wards, whilst he ftay'd, he perform'd his Devotions all the diate to the Week, but went Sundays ftill to the Refident's Houfe to hear At this time an Order was fent from the Queen Sermons. Family at Regent, "that that Room should be no more apply'd to that Paris. "purpose, and that the French King would not permit the "Exercife

Proteftantsin

the Queen's