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of Mr. Locke's profound researches in this

concentration.

In this condensed view, we have already found many samples of the great philosopher's reasoning, and many more may be expected in a succeeding volume. These specimens of his argumentation will excite the inquiring mind to diligent exertions in the cause of truth. To such as are desirous of a more intimate acquaintance with the Author's essay unabridged, the volumes at large are always accessible.

BRIEF SURVEY OF BOOKS.

1. A Trip to Paris, in Verse, by T. S. Allen, 8vo. p. 116, (Hurst, London,) is a sort of humorous epistle, written in a colloquial style, with much ease, and artless ingenuity. The journey is narrated in detail. Scarcely any thing escaped the author's observation; and his willing muse has condescended to decorate what he did, and what he saw, and what he heard, with rhyming embellishments. Among his friends it must find a favourable reception, and from strangers it is not calculated to merit disrespect.

2. Beauties of the Vicar of Llandovery, or Light from the Welshman's Candle, with Notes, by John Bulmer, (Holdsworth, London,) is not a novel, although the title has an aspect of that complexion. The author, Rees Prichard, was born in the days of Queen Elizabeth, at Llandovery, of which he afterwards became vicar. His Welsh

man's Candle is a versification of some of his discourses. It was a work in high repute, and is said to have wrought a happy transformation in the general character of his parishioners. Of this celebrated work, Mr. Bulmer has selected the beauties; and, so far as moral excellence, and divine truth, wrought into simple rhyme, exquisite beauties they are. The notes are copious, and well written.

3. Dissent from the Church of England, or a Defence of the Principles of Nonconformity, &c., by John Angel James, (Westley, London,) is a powerful pamphlet, written with vigour, but without acrimony.

Mr. James seems to have concentrated all the force of his predecessors, and to have added much of his own. Yet we cannot avoid thinking, that on some points he has injured his cause by attempting too much.

4. Invention of an effective and unfailing Method for forming an instantaneous Communication with the Shore, in Shipwreck, &c. by John Murray, F. S. A. &c. (Whittaker, London,) is a subject of much importance to a nation like ours, and every

attempt to save shipwrecked mariners, deserves close examination and due encouragement. The merits of Captain Manby's invention, have been honourably rewarded, and we hope that the efforts of Mr. Murray will not be disregarded. His purpose is to shoot a luminous arrow, to which a line shall be attached, from the shore or the lifeboat, to the vessel in distress, through which a communication with the shore shall be obtained. What degree of merit this invention possesses, we presume not to determine, but we have reason to know, that tried and promising efforts have not always been duly appreciated. Some years since, a Mr. Trengrouse of Helston, in Cornwall, invented a rocket, to which a line should be fastened. This was to be discharged from the vessel in distress to the shore. His experiments were as follows:-A rocket of 8 oz, with line and stick, from a musket, 180 yards. A pound rocket, ranged 450 yards, but the line, having a knot, broke. Of his various experiments and testimonials, a long account was published in the first volume of the Imperial Magazine, col. 438. Every one commended the invention, and gave him good wishes. Every man of title, and holding high official situations, gave him their avowed sanction; but Mr. Trengrouse was found guilty of being poor, and his apparatus seems to be consigned to neglect. We sincerely hope that Mr. Murray will not be mortified with a similar disappointment.

5. Thoughts in Retirement, by Three scriptural, and liberal. They breathe a spirit Clergymen, (Seeley, London,) are vigorous, of rational piety, and display more strength of intellect than works of this description in general contain. Many sentences imbody aphorisms which are worthy of being committed to memory. This may be easily done, as they are short and sententious.

6. Descriptive Account of the Showerbath, also, an Apparatus for restoring suspended Animation, by John Murray, F.S.A. &c (Whittaker, London,) is a sensible wellwritten pamphlet, containing many very curious cases of an extraordinary nature, derived both from accident and experiment. From these we learn, that, under given circumstances, both men and animals may endure many privations, and extremes of temperature, which would seem incredible. The apparatus for restoring suspended animation is intended to operate with air on the lungs, as a syringe. The shower-bath is simple and excellent.

7. Modern Fanaticism Unveiled, (Holdsworth, London,) is not intended to bring genuine religion into contempt, but to rescue

GLEANINGS.

it from that reproach to which it is occasionally exposed by the visionary reveries of some fanatical professors. On "Mary Campbell's Miraculous Pretensions, Drummond's Prophetic Dreams, and Irving's Sinful Humanity," the author has made some very pointed observations, but we do not think them more severe than the occasion required.

GLEANINGS.

Origin of the Cross and Ball on Buildings.-The issue of his (Constantine's) marriage in 306 with the Princess Helena, was Constantine, by whom he was succeeded. The inauguration of this emperor took place in the imperial city of York, the place of his birth, and the British soldiers, in Roman pay, presented their countryman with a golden ball, as a symbol of his sovereignty over the island. Upon his conversion to Christianity, he placed a cross upon the ball; and ever since this emperor's time, the globe surmounted by the cross has been used as an emblem of majesty in all the kingdoms of christendom.-Baines's History of Lancashire.

Church Livings.-In the patronage of the Crown, the Bishops, Deans and Chapters, the Universities, and Collegiate Establishments:

1,733 Rectories, containing 4,637,508 acres,
at 3s. 6d.
2,341 Vicarages, containing 6,264,516 acres,
at 1s. 3d.

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Total Revenue of the Established Clergy, 3,872,138 Sir Walter Scott's Advice to a Young Author.-He spoke of my pursuits and prospects in life with interest and with feeling; of my little attempts in verse and prose with a knowledge that he had read them carefully; offered to help me to such information as I should require, and even mentioned a subject in which he thought I could appear to advantage. you try your hand on a story," he observed, "I would advise you to prepare a kind of skeleton, and when you have pleased yourself with the line of narrative, you may then leisurely clothe it with flesh and blood." Some years afterwards, I reminded him of this advice. "Did you follow it?" he inquired. "I tried," I said; "but I had not gone far on the road, till some confounded Will-o'-Wisp came in, and dazzled my sight, so that I deviated from the path, and never found it again." "It is the same way with myself," said he, smiling; "I form my plan, and then I deviate." "Ay, ay, I replied, I understand: we both deviate; but you deviate into excellence, and I into absurdity."-New Monthly Magazine.

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Taste. A cultivated and well-regulated taste is of great moral importance: it induces us to look with indifference upon many objects which the vulgar pursue with ardour: it confirms virtuous dispositions; as the love of vice is excited, and its pursuit is quickened, by a perversion, or from a want, of taste. A pure taste elevates a person above the grosser pleasures of sense, and checks the indulgence of his passions. The love of what is good, as well as what is fair, is the character. istic of the man of taste; its improvement therefore is of great improvement to young persons, as it will answer a most valuable purpose, and not only make them good judges of the productions of the arts, but increase their relish for whatever is lovely and of good report.-Kett's Elements of General Knowledge.

Advantage of a Puternal Government.-Besides Ecija and Carmona, we met with but a few villages between Cordova and Seville, and no solitary farms nor houses, other than the public ventas. Though the soil was every where fertile, and capable of nourishing a numerous population, yet it was in general very im

391

perfectly cultivated, and often abandoned to the caprice of nature. Nothing can be more painful than to behold this country, which rose to such a high degree of prosperity under the Romans and Arabs, now so fallen, so impoverished. The principal source of this depopulation may be found in the landed monopolies ; nearly the whole country being owned by large proprietors, to whose ancestors it was granted at the time of the conquest. Hence, the soil has to support, not only the labourer who cultivates it, but likewise the idle landlord, who lives at court, and spends his income in the capital. They who preach the preservation of families and estates, and deprecate the unlimited subdivision of property, should make a journey to Andalusia. Other causes are found in the odious privileges of the mesta, in the exorbitance of the taxes, and in the vexatious system of raising them; in the imperfect state of internal communications, and in the thousand restrictions .which check circulation at every step.A Year in Spain.

Idolatry in India.-There are many temples in India, from which the East India Company receive tribute, of which the principal are Gya, Allahabad, and Tripetty. The total amount of revenue received from all these sources is unknown; but that supplied from the following four temples amounts to a prodigious sum. Mr Poynder estimates it as follows:

455,980 15 0

Clear profit for the seventeen years end- f. s. d. ing 1829, exclusively, for Juggernaut, 99,205 15 0 Clear profit for the sixteen years ending in 1829, inclusively, for Gya Clear profit for the sixteen years ending in 1829, inclusively, for Allahabad Clear profit for the seventeen years ending in 1829, inclusively, for Trippetty Total tribute received from idolatrous worshippers for seventeen years

159,429 7 6

205,599 18 6

920,215 15 0

Advice to Young Ladies.-The likeliest way either to obtain a good husband, or to keep one so, is to be good yourself. Never use a lover ill whom you design to make your husband, lest he should either upbraid you with it, or return it afterwards; and if you find at any time an inclination to play the tyrant, remember these two lines of truth and justice:

Gently shall those be rul'd, who gently sway'd;

Abject shall those obey, who, haughty, were obey'd. Potato Soap.-A French chemist has discovered that potatoes, one-third boiled, effectually supply the place of soap in washing linen: that their farina is a useful ingredient in starch has been long known.

Metcalf, the Blind Surveyor.-This person, Mr. Bew informs us, was a native of Manchester or the neighbourhood, and, after telling us that he became blind at a very early age, so as to be entirely ignorant of light and its various effects, the narrative proceeds as follows: "This man passed the younger part of his life as a waggoner, and, occasionally, as a guide in intricate roads during the night, or when the tracks were covered with snow. Strange as this may appear to those who can see, the' employment he has since undertaken is still more extraordinary; it is one of the last to which we could suppose a blind man would ever turn his attention. His present occupation is that of projector and surveyor of highways in difficult and mountainous parts. With the assistance only of a long staff, I have several times met this man traversing the roads, ascending precipices, exploring valleys, and investigating their several extents, forms, and situations, so as to answer his designs in the best manner. The plans which he designs, and the estimates he makes, are done in a method peculiar to him. self, and which we cannot well convey the meaning of to others. His abilities in this respect are nevertheless so great, that he finds constant employment. Most of the roads over the Peak in Derbyshire have been altered by his directions, particularly those in the vicinity of Buxton; and he is at this time constructing a new one betwixt Wilmslow and Congleton, with a view to open a communication to the great London road, without being obliged to pass over the mountains."-Examiner.

Royal Geographical Society.-At the meeting, on the 24th of March, the following communications from Mr. Barrow were read. The first was an account of Deception Island, of New South Shetland, by Lieut. Kendall, late of his Majesty's ship Chanticleer, Capt. Foster. The island is in lat. 62° 55' S. and long. 60° 28' W. and is of volcanic origin. The interior of it is occupied by a circular lake, which communicates with the sea on its S. E. side. Compact lava, ashes, pumicestone, and ice, are among the component parts of the island, the highest part of which is about 1800 feet above the sea. It seems that volcanic action is still in progress, as many apertures were found, from which steam was constantly issuing with a loud noise. Hot springs abound in the island, and Lieut. Kendall found water at a temperature of 140, issuing from under the snow-clad surface of the ground, and running into the sea. Alum was seen in several places, and also the remains of a wreck, which were too old

to afford any clue to the name of the vessel, or the country to which she had belonged. The second paper gave an account of Keeling, or Cocos Islands, lying in the eastern part of the Indian Ocean, in lat. 11° S. These islands are of coral origin, and entirely of an opposite nature to that of Deception Island, although the sea near them is frequently covered with cinders and pumice stones. It was remarked, that the surf has heaped up the shore of the islands from twelve to twenty-one feet above the level of high water, while the other parts of the islands are not more than from three to six feet above the same level. The paper gave a description of the various sorts of timber found on the islands, and stated that the live stock and fruits, which had been tranferred there from the Mauritius, were in a thriving condition. Two Englishmen are the only settlers on the island, and it is considered to be a desirable place of resort during war.

Liars in Turkey.-It is said to be the custom in Turkey to blacken over the front of the house of a well-known liar. If such a custom prevailed in the British capital, it would be singularly disfigured. An English journal says, whole parishes would appear in deep mourning, and many streets would be in black from one end to the other.-Furet de Londre.

Robinson Crusoes.-A French paper states, that the ship Emilie, of Nantes, having cast anchor on the 18th of July, 1826, in Christmas Harbour, in the Island of Desolation (Southern Indian Ocean), was soon after boarded by six miserable creatures, who came in a boat from the Cloudy Islands, six miles off, on which they had been left six months before, with provisions for only two days, by an English vessel. They were covered with skins of sea-calves, and their faces were so tanned, it was impossible to guess to what country they belonged. During their residence among the inhospitable deserts and rocks where they had been abandoned, they lived on penguins and other birds, and preserved themselves from cold by burning sea elephant's oil, in the hollow of a cave, where they had established their abode. The Emilie carried them away, and landed them at the Isle of Bourbon.

Forbearance.-He surely is most in want of another's patience who has none of his own.-Lavater.

Steam Carriages on Common Roads.-Some of the advantages to the public from the use of steam on the turnpike roads already begin to show themselves. Previous to the starting of the steam coach between Glocester and Cheltenham, the fares were 4s. each person; now the public are taken by all the coaches at is. per head. One morning the steam coach took 33 passengers from Cheltenham to Glocester in 50

minutes.

Tradition of the Red Sea.-The superstition of the neighbourhood (a point in the Red Sea, which is remarkable for the furious gusts to which it is almost continually subject,) ascribes it to a supernatural, and not to any physical cause; for this being, according to received tradition, the spot where the chosen people under Moses passed over, the ignorant imagine that, since it was also here that the host of Pharaoh was swallowed up, their restless spirits still remain at the bottom of the deep, and are continually busied in drawing down mariners to their destruction; a notion so received among all the seafaring people along that coast, that it would be quite in vain to argue against it.-Adventures of Giovanni Finati.

Wisdom of Public Opinion.-Talleyrand once observed, in a speeeh to the Chamber of Deputies, "I know where there is more wisdom than is to be found in Napoleon, or Voltaire, or any minister, past or present; it is, in public opinion.

Literary Notices.

Just Published.

Part VI. of Baines's History of Lancashire. Part XXVIII. of the National Portrait Gallery :Leopold of Saxe-Coburg; Sir Thomas Lawrence; and Admiral Howe.

Part III. of Watkins's Life and Times of England's Patriot King.

Part XI. of Captain Elliot's Views in the East, with Descriptions.

A Vindication of the South Sea Missions from the Misrepresentation of Ctto Von Kotzebue, Captain in the Russian Navy with an Appendix. By William Ellis. 8vo.

Key to Reading, &c. By John Smith, Lecturer on Early Education. 2nd edition, 12mo.

Brief Memorials of William Hurn, late Minister at the Chapel, Woodbridge, and formerly Vicar of Debenham, Suffolk. By Esther Cooke and Ellen Rouse. The profits to be given to the London and Baptist Missionary Societies.

A Discourse occasioned by the Removal into Eternity of the Rev. J. Clowes, M.A. Rector of St. John's, Manchester, and late Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge. By the Rev. S. Noble. 8vo.

Vol. I. of the entire Works of the Rev. Robert Hall, A.M. with a brief Memoir of his Life, and a Critical Estimate of his Character and Writings. Published under the superintendence of Olinthus Gregory, L.L.D. 8vo.

Parts 16, 17, 18, of the History and Topography of the United States of North America. edited by J. II. Hinton, A.M. Illustrated with a Series of Views. 4to. New Illustrations of Prophecy, an Attempt to elncidate some Predictions of Scripture by the present agitated Circumstances of Europe. By William Vint. 8vo.

A Bird's-Eye View of Foreign Parts, and a Look at Home. By Harry Hawk's Eye. 12mo.

Appeal to the Clergy, on the State of Religion, Morals, and Manners, in the British Metropolis. 8vo. Remember Me; a Token of Christian Affection, consisting of entirely original Pieces, in Prose and Verse. 18mo.

No. 1. of a Complete Edition of the Vocal Music of C. W. Banister, Edited by H. J. Banister. folio. United Efforts: a Collection of Poems, the mutual Offering of a Brother and Sister. 18mo.

Outlines of Fifty Sermons, by a Minister of the Gospel in London.

Memoir of the Rev. Samuel Kilpin, late of Exeter, with Extracts from his Correspondence and Papers.

18mo.

Writings of Edward VI.; William Hugh; Queen Catherine, Parr; Anne Askew; Lady Jane Grey; Hamilton; and Balnavers: Religious Tract Society. 12mo.

The Saint's Everlasting Rest; neat 18mo edition : Religious Tract Society.

Halifax, a Poetical Sketch; and the Battle of Hastings, by Thomas Crossley. 12mo.

Two Letters, addressed to the Rev. E. Henderson, D.D. on the Relation of Baptism to Christian Missions, by G. Newbury. 8vo.

The Instructive Reader, containing Lessons on Religion, Morals, and General Knowledge. Ingram Cobbin, A.M. 12mo.

By

No Fiction: a Narrative founded on recent and interesting Facts. By Andrew Reed, 12mo. 8th ed. Sermons by the Rev. Griffith Jones, founder of the Welsh Circulating Schools; translated from the Welsh by the Rev. John Owen. Vol. I. 12mo.

A Vision of Hell; a Poem: inscribed, by permission, to Thomas Campbell, Esq. 12mo.

Lectures on the Book of Jonah, by the Rev. G. Young. 2nd edition.

Valpy's Divines of the Church of England: Vol. II. Jeremy Taylor, D.D.

Valpy's Family Classical Library: No. XIX, Juvenal and Persius.

A Catechism for Children, by the Rev. Rowland Hill, with a Portrait: 3rd edition. 18mo.

A Series of Lessons, in Prose and Verse, progressively arranged. By J. M. M'Culloch, A.M. 12mo. Moral Paralysis; cr, the Gambler, by Mrs. Barber, author of Scenes of Life;"" Warning and Example;" "The Teacher," &c. &c. 18mo.

Daily Communings on Select Portions of the Book of Psalms, by the Rt. Rev. George Horne, Bishop of Norwich. Pocket edition.

Pietas Privata: with an Introductory Essay on Prayer, by Hannah More. Pocket size.

Preparing for the Press.

The Holy City of Benares will be Illustrated in a Series of beautifully finished Plates, delineating the most striking objects to be found in this extensive and distinguished seat of Hindoo Learning, the whole executed by James Prinsep, Esq. during his Ten Years' Official Residence in Benares.

The Rev. William Liddiard, Author of the "Legend of Einsidillin," is about to publish a Tour in Switzerland, in one volume, 8vo. interspersed with Poetry connected with the various Scenes for which this beautiful country is so pre-eminent.

Captain Head is now preparing a Series of Views to illustrate the very interesting Scenery met with in the Overland Journey from Europe to India, by way of the Red Sea, through Egypt, &c. with Plans, and accurate Maps of the various Routes; Descriptions of the Scenery, and useful Information for the guidance of future Travellers.

Lord Dover, who, under the name of the Hon. George Agar Ellis, was well known in the literary world as the author of the popular "History of the Iron Mask," of the "Historical Inquiries respecting the Character of Lord Clarendon," and the "Fllis Correspondence," has just completed a Life of Frederick the Great, King of Prussia.

LONDON: PRINTED AT THE CAXTON PRESS, BY HI. FISHER, SON, AND CO.

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TO THE RIGHT HONBLE WALTER BROWN LORD PROVOST THIS PLATE IS RESPECTFULLY INSCRIBED BY

THE PERL HER

Engraved by W.H.Ligars

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