66 "This is the real and the only Scheme that "hath been planned for Bishops in America; "and whoever hath heard of any other, hath "been misinformed through Miftake or Defign*." And as to the Place of their Refidence, his Grace further declares, "that it "neither is, nor ever was intended or defired to fix one in New-England; but epifcopal "Colonies have always been proposed †.” The Doctor on reading this Account confeffed ‡, that if it were the true one," he had "been mifinformed himfelf, and knew of "others who had been fo in common with " him; and that if fuch a Scheme as this were carried into Execution, and only such Confequences were to follow, as the Proposer had profeffedly in View, he could not 66 object against it, except on the fame Prin"ciple that he fhould object against the "Church of England in general §." As it came however from an unknown Writer, he thought himself at Liberty to confider it as Nothing more than the imaginary Scheme of a private Man, till it was confirmed by better Authority. It now appears to have come from the best Authority, and it * Answer to MAYHEW, P. 59. on an anonymous Tract, &c. P. 59. + Ib. 66. Remarks S.Ib. P. 79 || Ib. P. 61. is certain that this Mode of establishing Bishops in America, was not invented merely "to serve a prefent Turn *, being precifely the fame with that propofed by Bishop BUTLER twenty Years ago; and with that mentioned by his Grace, in his Letter to the Right Honourable HORATIO WALPOLE, Efquire, written when he was Bishop of Oxford, and published fince his Death by his Executors, Mrs. CATHERINE TALBOT, and Dr. DaNIEL BURTON; in which the whole Affair is fet in a right Point of View, his own Sentiments upon it more fully explained, and an Answer given to the chief Objections against fuch a Propofal. It is not neceffary to enter here into the Merits of this Queftion. It is before the Public, and every one is enabled to judge for himself. But thus much, it is prefumed, may fafely be inferred from the Account here given of it; (which is the true one ;) that the mere Propofal of fuch an Appointment, or rather the Encouragement of what had been long before proposed, is not a Crime of quite fo unpardonable a Nature, as the Archbishop's *Remarks on an anonymous Tract, &c. P. 61. + See APTHORPE's Review of Dr. MAYHEW's Remarks, P. 55: In the Year 1769; and fold by RIVINGTON. Adverfaries have been pleafed to reprefent it. Pofterity will ftand amazed, when they are told, that on this Account his Memory has been purfued in Pamphlets and News-papers with fuch unrelenting Rancour, such unexampled Wantonnefs of Abuse, as he would fcarce have deferved, had he attempted to eradicate Christianity out of America, and to introduce Mahometanifm in its Room: whereas, the plain Truth is, that all he wished for, was Nothing more than what the very best Friends to religious Freedom ever have wished for, a complete Toleration for the Church of England in that Country. What an Idea must it give Mankind of his Grace's Character to have such a Circumstance fingled out by his bitterest Revilers as the most exceptionable Part of it! But though the Archbishop was a fincere and avowed Friend to that Measure, yet it was by no Means the only or the principal Object of his Concern in Regard to the Colonies. The Advancement of true Piety and Learning, the Converfion of the Indians and Negroes, as far as it was practicable, the Establishment of proper Schools, the Distribution of useful Books, the good Conduct of the Miffionaries, the Prefervation of Peace and Harmony amongst the different religious Communities in thofe Parts of the British Empire; thefe Things had a very large Share in his Thoughts, and in the Correspondence which he constantly kept up with a few of the ableft and worthieft Men in the American Provinces. The Letters which he wrote to them, on these and fuch like Subjects, are highly expreffive of his paftoral Character; and reprefent in a very pleafing Light his truly benevolent Difpofition, his Condescension to Perfons of the loweft Station, his indefatigable Application to every Affair that came before him, his Zeal to promote the Interests of Religion in general, and the Church of England in particular; not by warm and violent Counfels, but by Methods of Tenderness and brotherly Kindness towards those who embraced a different Intereft. Of thefe Things. the Americans will ever retain a grateful Remembrance; and have, in their Letters to this Country, expreffed their Senfe of his kind Attention to them in the ftrongest and most affectionate Terms. Whenever any Publications came to his Knowledge that were manifeftly calculated to corrupt good Morals, or fubvert the Foundations of Christianity, he did his utmost to stop the Circulation of them: yet the wretched Authors Authors themselves he was fo far from wifhing to treat with any undue Rigour, that he has more than once extended his Bounty to them in Diftrefs. And when their Writings could not properly be fuppreffed (as was too often the Cafe) by lawful Authority, he engaged Men of Abilities to answer them, and rewarded them for their Trouble. His Attention was every where, Even the Falfhoods and Mifreprefentations of Writers in the News-Papers on religious or ecclefiaftical Subjects, he generally took Care to have contradicted; and when they feemed likely to injure in any material Degree the Caufe of Virtue and Religion, or the Reputation of eminent and worthy Men, he would fometimes take the Trouble of anfwering them himself, One Inftance of this Kind, which does him Honour, and deferves Mention, was his Defence of Bishop BUTLER, who, in a Pamphlet, published in the Year 1767, was accused of having died a Papift. This strange Slander, founded on the weakest Pretences and moft trivial Circumftances that can be imagined, no one was better qualified to confute than the Archbishop; as well from his long and intimate Knowledge of Bishop BUTLER, as from the Information given him at |